Presidential and semi-presidential systems

In the mid-1770s, to emphasize each one's status as a state in its own right, the term was chosen by the British colonies that became the United States of America. The term has since been adopted by many nations to refer to their legislatures.

• The United States Congress is the bicameral legislative branch of the United States federal government.
  • The Continental Congress (1774–1781) was a convention of delegates from the Thirteen Colonies that became the Congress of the Confederation (1781–1789), legislature of the United States under the Articles of Confederation.
  • The Confederate States Congress of 1861–1865, during the American Civil War.
• The Congress of Guatemala (Spanish: Congreso de la República) is the unicameral legislature of Guatemala.
• The National Congress of Honduras (Spanish: Congreso nacional) is the legislative branch of the government of Honduras.
• The Congress of Mexico (Spanish: Congreso de la Unión) is the legislative branch of Mexican government.
• The Congress of Paraguay is the bicameral legislature of Paraguay.
• The Congress of the Argentine Nation (Spanish: Congreso de la Nación Argentina) is the legislative branch of the government of Argentina.
• The Congress of the Dominican Republic is the bicameral legislature of the Dominican Republic.
• The Palau National Congress (Palauan: Olbiil era Kelulau) is the bicameral legislative branch of the Republic of Palau.
• The Congress of the Federated States of Micronesia is the unicameral legislature of the Federated States of Micronesia.
• The Congress of the Philippines (Filipino: Kongreso ng Pilipinas) is the legislative branch of the Philippine government.
• The Congress of the Republic of Peru (Spanish: Congreso de la República) is the unicameral legislature of Peru.
• The Congress of Colombia (Spanish: Congreso de la República) is the bicameral legislature of Colombia.
• The National Congress of Bolivia was the national legislature of Bolivia before being replaced by the Plurinational Legislative Assembly.
• The National Congress of Brazil (Portuguese: Congresso Nacional) is the bicameral legislature of Brazil.
• The National Congress of Chile (Spanish: Congreso Nacional) is the legislative branch of the government of Chile.
• The National Congress of Ecuador was the unicameral legislature of Ecuador before being replaced by the National Assembly.
• France:
  • The Congress of the French Parliament refers specifically when both houses of France's legislature sit together as a single body, usually at the Palace of Versailles, to vote on revisions to the Constitution, to listen to an address by the President of the French Republic, and, in the past, to elect the President of the Republic
  • The Congress of New Caledonia is the national legislature under the semi-presidential system of the autonomous collectivity.

Non-presidential systems

• Spanish Congress of Deputies (Spanish: Congreso de los Diputados) is the lower house of the Cortes Generales, Spain's legislative branch.
• The National Congress of Belgium was a temporary legislative assembly in 1830, which created a constitution for the new state.
• The legislature of the People's Republic of China is known in English as the National People's Congress.
• The Congress of People's Deputies of the Soviet Union was the legislature and nominal supreme institution of state power in the Soviet Union.
  • Congress of People's Deputies of Russia was modeled after the Soviet Union's and existed in 1990–1993.
• The Congress of Cuba was the bicameral legislature of Cuba from 1902–1959.