The Tamil prasaśti of Virarajendra Chola records a naval invasion of Kadaram (modern Kedah in Malaysia) by the Cholas in 1068. Sources assert that the expedition was undertaken to help a Kadaram prince who had approached Virarajendra Chola for assistance in procuring the throne. The kingdom of Kadaram is believed to be the same as the Srivijaya empire.[1]

Map of Chola Empire after the end of their South-East Asian Expedition
Chola invasion of malaysia
Part of South-East Asia campaign of Rajendra Chola I
Date1068 CE
Location
Kadaram (modern day Kedah)
Result

Chola victory [2][3][4]

  • Much of Malay Peninsula sacked and conquered by the Cholas
  • Cholas continued their expedition deeper into the Srivijayan territories
  • Start of the new expansion of Indian cultural sphere into Southeast Asia.
Belligerents
Chola Empire Kingdom of Kadaram (Srivijaya Empire)
Strength
Unknown Unknown
Casualties and losses
unknown unknown

References

  1. ↑ Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta (2000). The Cōlas. Madras, India: University of Madras. pp. 271–272.
  2. ↑ Pearson, Michael (December 2010). "Book Review: Nagapattinam to Suvarnadwipa: Reflections on the Chola Naval Expeditions to Southeast Asia". International Journal of Maritime History. 22 (2): 352–354. doi:10.1177/084387141002200220. ISSN 0843-8714. S2CID 127026949.
  3. ↑ "Nagapattinam to Suvarnadwipa: Reflections on the Chola Naval Expeditions to Southeast Asia | ISEAS Publishing". bookshop.iseas.edu.sg. Retrieved 2023-10-15.
  4. ↑ Spencer, George W. (May 1976). "The Politics of Plunder: The Cholas in Eleventh-Century Ceylon". The Journal of Asian Studies. 35 (3): 405–419. doi:10.2307/2053272. ISSN 1752-0401. JSTOR 2053272. S2CID 154741845.

Bibliography

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