Charleston Battery
Full nameCharleston Battery
Nickname(s)Black and Yellow, Battery, Holy City FC
Founded1993 (1993)
StadiumPatriots Point Soccer Complex
Mount Pleasant, South Carolina
Capacity5,000
OwnerRob Salvatore[1]
Head coachBen Pirmann
LeagueUSL Championship
20233rd, Eastern Conference
Playoffs: USL Championship Final
WebsiteClub website

Charleston Battery is an American professional soccer club based in Charleston, South Carolina, and member of the USL Championship. Founded in 1993, the Battery are one of the oldest continuously operating professional soccer clubs in the United States, tied with the Richmond Kickers.

Charleston are one of the more successful lower division soccer clubs in the United States, having won the USISL Pro League in 1996, the USL A-League in 2003, and the final season of the USL Second Division in 2010.[2] In 2012, the team won the USL Pro Championship, winning its fourth league title in club history. Charleston are also the most successful club in the history of the unofficial Southern Derby competition with nine first-place finishes.

Charleston Battery currently play at Patriots Point Soccer Complex in Mount Pleasant, South Carolina. Previously, the club played its home games at the soccer-specific MUSC Health Stadium in the Daniel Island section of Charleston from 1999 to 2019. The team's colors are black and yellow, with a traditional red scheme for away uniforms. From 2004 through the 2021 season, their head coach and general manager was Mike Anhaeuser.[3]

History

Charleston Battery was formed in 1993 by an ownership group of local soccer enthusiasts led by Tony Bakker, a native of London who had relocated his software company Blackbaud to the Charleston area in 1989. The club hired experienced college coach and University of South Carolina graduate Tim Hankinson to develop the team, and Battery started as a member of the USISL, which eventually evolved and came to be known as the USL in 1995. The Battery won their first league championship in 1996 under Portuguese manager Nuno Piteira, defeating the Charlotte Eagles 3–2 in the final. In 1997 Charleston became one of the original clubs of the newly branded A-League (later the USL First Division).

In 1999 Charleston Battery moved into what is now known as MUSC Health Stadium, becoming the first non-Major League Soccer professional club in the United States to build its own stadium, and forged a reputation as one of the country's most well-established lower division clubs. The Battery hired veteran English coach Alan Dicks and signed many experienced domestic players such as Paul Conway, Dan Calichman and Eric Wynalda while also bringing in notable foreign signings such as Terry Phelan and Raúl Díaz Arce. In 2001 Dicks was replaced by fellow Englishman Chris Ramsey, who led Charleston to the A-League championship in 2003 with a 3–0 victory in the final over Minnesota Thunder in Charleston. Following Ramsey's departure in 2004, the club promoted longtime player and assistant coach Mike Anhaeuser to be the club's new coach.

In 2008 Charleston Battery reached the Lamar Hunt US Open Cup final for the first time, playing against Major League Soccer team D.C. United at RFK Stadium.[4] In the final the Battery conceded an early goal but bounced back with a quick-fire equalizer through an Ian Fuller goal, assisted by Chris Williams. Later in the half Lazo Alavanja hit the post but at half time the scores were tied at 1–1. At the start of the second half Charleston conceded early again, but in the final seconds of extra time Marco Reda put the ball in the back of the net for Charleston, only to have his goal controversially disallowed as offside. D.C. United would go on to win the match 2–1.

Charleston celebrates winning the league title in 2012.

In 2010 Charleston was invited by several other USL clubs to join the breakaway league eventually known as the North American Soccer League, but Battery chose to remain in the USL system and self-relegate to the USL Second Division, which eventually became the chief USL professional division. In their first third division season in 2010, Charleston led the league standings for the entire year and went undefeated at home. Charleston defeated the Richmond Kickers 2–1 in the final to claim the club's third league championship. Lamar Neagle was named the USL-2 league MVP and lead the league in scoring with 13 league goals.[5] Anhaeuser was named the league's coach of the year, his second time receiving the honor.[5] In 2012 Charleston Battery won their fourth league title in club history, defeating local rivals Wilmington Hammerheads 1–0 in the final. Micheal Azira scored a 74th-minute winner after Jose Cuevas slipped a pass to him on the left side of the penalty area.

In recent years Charleston Battery have had loan affiliations with several Major League Soccer clubs, beginning with a one-year deal to become the USL Pro affiliate of Vancouver Whitecaps FC in 2014.[6] For the 2015 season, Battery signed a one-year deal to affiliate with the Houston Dynamo.[7] On January 15, 2016, it was announced that the club would be partnering with the Atlanta United FC for the 2016 MLS season prior to Atlanta's entry to MLS in 2017.

In February 2016, it was announced that longtime majority owner Tony Bakker had sold the club to B Sports Entertainment, an investment group led by local tech executives. Club president Andrew Bell and coach Mike Anhaeuser remained in charge of team operations after the ownership transition. In early 2018 it was announced that Bell would be leaving the club to take over operations of an announced USL expansion club in Memphis, Tennessee, ending a two-decade career in the Charleston front office. Bell was replaced by club operations officer Mike Kelleher.

In October 2019, it was announced that B Sports Entertainment had sold the club to Rob Salvatore of HCFC, LLC with a move to Patriots Point Soccer Complex in Mount Pleasant.[8]

At the conclusion of the 2021 season, the Battery announced on November 1, 2021, that the club and Mike Anhaeuser had parted ways. Anhaeuser joined the Charleston Battery as a player in 1994, and switched into a coaching role in 1999. In 2004, he was named head coach of the club and led Charleston Battery to a U.S. Open Cup Final appearance in 2008 as well as two USL Championships in 2010 and 2012.[3]

On December 20, 2021, Battery announced that they had hired Conor Casey as head coach.[9] However, on October 12, 2022, with one match remaining in the season and the Battery near the bottom of the Eastern Conference standings, the club and Casey opted to part ways by mutual agreement.[10] Assistant coach Dennis Sanchez was named interim head coach while a search for a permanent replacement began.

On November 17, 2022, Battery announced that they had hired Memphis 901 FC head coach Ben Pirmann for the same position in Charleston.[11] Pirmann was named the 2022 USL Championship Coach of the Year after leading Memphis to a 2nd-place finish in the Eastern Conference and a spot in the conference semifinals.

Colors and badge

Charleston's traditional colors are yellow, black and red. In Charleston Battery's first few seasons, the home kit was typically black and white with a red accent. Beginning in 1997 the club began using black with yellow stripes, which has remained in use as the home jersey ever since. The Charleston away kit has typically been a combination of red, white and black, though for the 2017 season the away kit is either the 25 Anniversary black and silver combination, or white and black.

The club badge remained the same iconic logo from 1993 through the 2019 season, other than minor adjustments in color, resolution and the addition of four stars representing each of the team's league championships. It is a classic shield in the club's signature yellow and black stripes, featuring a pair of crossed artillery cannons (alluding to the city's naval history and current presence) above a depiction of a football ball.

In December 2019, the club unveiled the new branding for 2020 and moving forward. Matthew Wolff, who has designed a number of logos for soccer clubs around the world, was instrumental in working with Battery ownership to create a modern representation of Charleston's crest.[12] The new logo featured crossed cannons on a black circle, with the iconic crescent shape, with Charleston emblazoned across the top and 1993, the year the club was established at the bottom.

Stadiums

Charleston Battery played their first six seasons in downtown Charleston at Stoney Field, a facility they shared with various college and high school sports teams.

The club moved to MUSC Health Stadium (previously known as Blackbaud Stadium) in the suburban Daniel Island area in 1999. The first privately funded soccer-specific stadium built in the United States, it seats 5,100 people.[14] MUSC Health Stadium is modeled on lower level English soccer stadiums and features an on-site pub called The Three Lions behind the west stand. The stadium site also features a training field and club offices.

In 2016, the ownership built the second-largest video board in the Southeast. MUSC Health Stadium's jumbotron is 3,000 square feet. When comparing the square footage to stadium seats ratio, the video board is the largest in the world.

Additionally, the complex includes sky boxes, a plaza for corporate entertaining, and state-of-the-art media capabilities, making it one of the premier professional soccer venues in the U.S.

In 2019, under new ownership led by Rob Salvatore, the club announced that Charleston Battery would move off Daniel Island to Patriots Point in Mount Pleasant, South Carolina.[13] The current stadium complex is home to the College of Charleston soccer, baseball and softball teams. Situated off the Ravenel Bridge in Mt. Pleasant, Battery's new stadium is back in the heart of Charleston. Patriots Point sits a short drive from all corners of the Holy City and minutes from the best bars, restaurants and attractions the city has to offer.

After extensive renovations and expansion in early 2020, Patriots Point opened to limited fans during the pandemic-shortened 2020 season. The stadium held its grand opening during the 2021 season as fans 'packed the Point' to cheer on the Black and Yellow.[15] The ownership group has continued to expand developments at Patriots Point, with the introduction of premium seating options via shipping containers transformed into suite-like boxes with multiple levels. The stadium currently holds three "suite boxes" that fans can rent out for matches.[16]

Club culture

The independent supporters' group is The Regiment,[17] who stand in Supporters Section directly behind the north goal of the stadium, along with other supporters' groups including the American Outlaws-affiliated Queen Anne's Revenge and the Spanish-speaking Charleston Barra Brava.

Charleston Battery competes for the Coffee Pot Cup every time it faces their rival team D.C. United of Major League Soccer, a trophy established by the two sides' supporters and currently held by DC. The clubs have regularly faced each other in friendlies and cup competitions, with the 2008 US Open Cup final remaining the highest profile match between the two clubs to date. Charleston are also longtime league rivals of the Richmond Kickers.

The supporters' groups compete with supporters of the Charlotte Independence, Jacks Militia[18] in the Southern Derby Cup, which Charleston Battery had won a record nine times.

The supporters' groups compete with supporters of the Tampa Bay Rowdies, Ralph's Mob and the Skyway Casuals, in the No Quarter Derby.[19]

Halfway through the 2021 season, the club introduced a cannon in the stadium to fire off after each Battery goal and at the start and end of matches.

The team's games are broadcast on ESPN+ and CBS Sports.

Players and staff

Current roster

As of January 18, 2024[20]

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player
4 MF England ENG Chris Allan
5 DF Trinidad and Tobago TRI Leland Archer
8 MF United States USA Emilio Ycaza
12 MF Mexico MEX Arturo Rodríguez
13 FW Philippines PHI Nick Markanich
19 MF Scotland SCO Robbie Crawford
21 FW United States USA Tristan Trager
23 DF Colombia COL Juan Palma
No. Pos. Nation Player
24 GK United States USA Daniel Kuzemka
96 DF United States USA Mark Segbers
DF United States USA Josh Drack
GK United States USA Adam Grinwis
FW United States USA Diego Gutierrez
FW United States USA Jake LaCava
MF Republic of Ireland IRL Aaron Molloy
DF United States USA Graham Smith
  1. ^
    USL Academy Contract

Players with multiple nationalities

Staff

  • United States Lee Cohen – Club President
  • United States Ben PirmannHead Coach
  • United States Devin Rensing – Assistant Coach
  • United States Brian Jones – Assistant Coach
  • United States Bobby Weisenberger – Head Athletic Trainer

Notable former players

This list includes those former players who received international caps while playing for the team, made significant contributions to the team in terms of appearances or goals, or who made significant contributions to the sport either before they played for the team, or after they left.

Head coaches

Presidents

  • England Tony Bakker (1993–1998)
  • England Nigel Cooper (1999–2008)
  • England Andrew Bell (2008–2018)
  • England Mike Kelleher (2018–2019)

Honors

^ as co-champions

  • No Quarter Derby
    • Winner (2): 2020, 2022

Record

Year-by-year

This is a partial list of the last five seasons completed by Charleston Battery. For the full season-by-season history, see List of Charleston Battery seasons.

Season League Position Playoffs USOC Continental / Other Average attendance Top goalscorer(s)
Div League Pld W L D GF GA GD Pts PPG Conf. Overall Name Goals
2019 2 USLC 341110134444046 1.35 9th 19th R1 R4 DNQ 2,424 Bermuda Zeiko Lewis 8
2020 USLC 159332615+1130 2.00 5th 9th QF NH N/A Jamaica Nicque Daley
Bermuda Zeiko Lewis
6
2021 USLC 32101574960−1137 1.16 6th 10th DNQ NH 2,771 Italy Claudio Repetto 9
2022 USLC 3462174177−3625 0.74 12th 25th DNQ R2 2,797 Sierra Leone Augustine Williams 16
2023 USLC 3417984743+459 1.74 3th 4th RU R4 3,113 Sierra Leone Augustine Williams 15

^ 1. Avg. attendance include statistics from league matches only.
^ 2. Top goalscorer(s) includes all goals scored in league play, playoffs, U.S. Open Cup, and other competitive matches.

Record vs. International and MLS teams

Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup Record: W:8–D:1–L:13
Carolina Challenge Cup Record: W:5–D:9–L:20
Exhibition Record: W:5–D:2–L:7

Date Competition Location Home Team Result Away Team
April 24, 1993 Exhibition Charleston, South Carolina Charleston Battery 2–0 Constant Spring F.C.
May 5, 1993 Exhibition Charleston, South Carolina Charleston Battery 0–1 FK-RAF, Latvia
April 2, 1994 Exhibition Charleston, South Carolina Charleston Battery 0–0 Fort Lauderdale Strikers
April 24, 1996 Exhibition Charleston, South Carolina Charleston Battery 1–2 a.e.t. U.S.A. men's u-23's
June 17, 1998 Exhibition Charleston, South Carolina Charleston Battery 1–0 Tampa Bay Mutiny
August 4, 1999 1999 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 4–3 a.e.t. D.C. United
September 1, 1999 1999 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup Virginia Beach Sportsplex Colorado Rapids 3–0 Charleston Battery
May 1, 2000 Exhibition Charleston, South Carolina Charleston Battery 1–2 Tampa Bay Mutiny
June 14, 2000 2000 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 0–4 D.C. United
June 27, 2001 2001 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 4–1 Metrostars
July 11, 2001 2001 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup Foxboro Stadium New England Revolution 2–1 Charleston Battery
March 30, 2002 Exhibition Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 4 – 1 Dallas Burn
April 4, 2002 Exhibition Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 1–2 New England Revolution
July 17, 2002 2002 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 0–1 Colorado Rapids
July 20, 2002 Exhibition Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 2 – 1 Puebla F.C.
March 23, 2003 Exhibition Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 0–1 D.C. United
March 20, 2004 2004 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 1–2 D.C. United
March 24, 2004 2004 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 1–3 Columbus Crew
July 17, 2004 Exhibition Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 2–1 Sunderland A.F.C.
July 20, 2004 2004 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 1–0 Metrostars
August 25, 2004 2004 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup Benedetti–Wehrli Stadium Chicago Fire 1–0 Charleston Battery
March 19, 2005 2005 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 0–1 Columbus Crew
March 23, 2005 2005 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 2–2 D.C. United
March 25, 2005 2005 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 0–1 San Jose Earthquakes
March 18, 2006 2006 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 0–1 Houston Dynamo
March 22, 2006 2006 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 1–0 New York Red Bulls
March 25, 2006 2006 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 1–1 D.C. United
August 2, 2006 2006 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 3–5 FC Dallas
March 24, 2007 2007 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 0–1 New York Red Bulls
March 28, 2007 2007 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 1–1 Houston Dynamo
March 31, 2007 2007 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 0–3 Toronto FC
July 10, 2007 2007 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 1–0 Houston Dynamo
August 7, 2007 2007 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 1–2 FC Dallas
March 15, 2008 2008 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 1–1 New York Red Bulls
March 19, 2008 2008 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 1–2 San Jose Earthquakes
March 22, 2008 2008 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 2–0 Toronto FC
July 1, 2008 2008 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 5–4 Houston Dynamo
July 8, 2008 2008 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup Pizza Hut Park FC Dallas 1–3 Charleston Battery
September 3, 2008 2008 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup RFK Stadium D.C. United 2–1 Charleston Battery
March 7, 2009 2009 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 1–2 Toronto FC
March 11, 2009 2009 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 1–2 Real Salt Lake
March 14, 2009 2009 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 0–2 D.C. United
June 30, 2009 2009 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 3–1 Chivas USA
July 7, 2009 2009 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 0–4 Houston Dynamo
March 13, 2010 2010 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 0–0 Toronto FC
March 17, 2010 2010 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 1–3 Real Salt Lake
March 20, 2010 2010 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 0–2 D.C. United
June 29, 2010 2010 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup Toyota Park Chicago Fire 0–0 pk (0–3) Charleston Battery
July 6, 2010 2010 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup Columbus Crew Stadium Columbus Crew 3–0 Charleston Battery
July 17, 2010 Exhibition Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 0–2 Bolton Wanderers
March 5, 2011 2011 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 1–2 D.C. United
March 9, 2011 2011 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 2–1 Toronto FC
March 12, 2011 2011 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 0–0 Chicago Fire
July 27, 2011 Exhibition Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 0–0 Portsmouth F.C.
February 25, 2012 2012 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 2–2 Columbus Crew
February 29, 2012 2012 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 1–3 D.C. United
May 29, 2012 2012 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 0–3 New York Red Bulls
February 16, 2013 2013 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 2–3 Vancouver Whitecaps
February 20, 2013 2013 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 1–2 Chicago Fire
February 23, 2013 2013 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 2–1 Houston Dynamo
May 28, 2013 2013 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 1–0 San Jose Earthquakes
June 12, 2013 2013 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup Rio Tinto Stadium Real Salt Lake 5–2 a.e.t. Charleston Battery
February 22, 2014 2014 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 1–2 Seattle Sounders FC
February 26, 2014 2014 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 1–1 D.C. United
March 1, 2014 2014 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 0–2 Houston Dynamo
February 21, 2015 2015 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 1–0 Houston Dynamo
February 25, 2015 2015 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 1–1 Orlando City SC
February 28, 2015 2015 Carolina Challenge Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 0–3 New York City FC
June 17, 2015 2015 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 4–4 pk (7–8) Orlando City SC
July 17, 2015 Exhibition Blackbaud Stadium Charleston Battery 1–2 West Bromwich Albion
June 14, 2017 2017 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup Fifth Third Bank Stadium Atlanta United 3–2 Charleston Battery
June 6, 2018 2018 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup Fifth Third Bank Stadium Atlanta United 3–0 Charleston Battery
June 13, 2019 2019 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup Fifth Third Bank Stadium Charleston Battery 1–3 Atlanta United

See also

References

  1. Miller, Andrew (October 30, 2019). "Charleston Battery sold to new owner after 3 tumultuous years under former leadership". Post and Courier.
  2. "United Soccer Leagues (USL)". usl2.uslsoccer.com. Archived from the original on July 24, 2012. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
  3. 1 2 Staff, Charleston Battery (November 1, 2021). "Charleston Battery and Head Coach Michael Anhaeuser to Part Ways". Charleston Battery | South Carolina's Premier Pro Soccer Club. Retrieved November 4, 2021.
  4. http://www.charleston.net/news/2008/aug/Charleston%5B%5D defeated the Richmond Kickers 2–1 to claim the championship, the third in the history of the club. 13/battery_stuffs_sounders50669/
  5. 1 2 "United Soccer Leagues (USL)". usl2.uslsoccer.com. Archived from the original on July 18, 2012. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
  6. "Vancouver Whitecaps announce USL PRO affiliate agreement with Charleston Battery". Major League Soccer. January 23, 2014. Retrieved March 29, 2014.
  7. "Battery, Dynamo sign 2015 deal". Charleston Battery. December 22, 2014. Archived from the original on April 4, 2015. Retrieved January 11, 2015.
  8. USLChampionship com Staff (October 30, 2019). "Battery Enter Exciting New Era Under HCFC, Announce Relocation". USL Championship.
  9. "Battery Name Conor Casey Head Coach".
  10. "Charleston Battery and Conor Casey Mutually Agree to Part Ways".
  11. "Battery appoint Ben Pirmann as Head Coach".
  12. Staff, Charleston Battery (December 13, 2019). "Battery Unveil New Branding, New Logo". Charleston Battery | South Carolina's Premier Pro Soccer Club. Archived from the original on November 4, 2021. Retrieved November 4, 2021.
  13. 1 2 Staff, Charleston Battery (October 30, 2019). "Battery Enter Exciting New Era Under HCFC, Announce Relocation". Charleston Battery | South Carolina's Premier Pro Soccer Club. Retrieved November 4, 2021.
  14. "Blackbaud Stadium". charlestonbattery.com. Archived from the original on January 15, 2010. Retrieved 2010-05-01.
  15. "Patriots Point". www.charlestonbattery.com. Retrieved November 4, 2021.
  16. "Private Event Spaces". Retrieved March 11, 2023.
  17. "Supporters Group | The Regiment". regiment. Retrieved November 4, 2021.
  18. Twitter https://twitter.com/jacksmilitia. Retrieved November 4, 2021. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  19. Ace, Johnathan (March 14, 2019). "Battery, Rowdies SCs announce No Quarter Derby". The Black And Yellow Post. Retrieved November 4, 2021.
  20. "2022 Roster". charlestonbattery.com. Charleston Battery. Retrieved January 19, 2022.
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