The C19MC miRNA cluster is a microRNA cluster consisting of 46 genes. These 46 genes encode 59 mature miRNAs.[1] The C19MC miRNA cluster is only found in primate (including human) genomes and expresses miRNAs almost exclusively in the placenta, but also in testis, embryonic stem cells, and some tumors.[1] They are also expressed highly in trophoblast-derived vesicles, including exosomes.[1] C19MC miRNAs have been shown to be among the most expressed miRNAs in the human placenta and are also found in the serum of pregnant women.[1]

Trophoblast cells, found in the human placenta, produce many different types of microRNAs (miRNAs). MicroRNAs play a role in placental development or physiology.[2]

Some placental cell lines derived from trophoblasts also express C19MC miRNA, including the choriocarcinoma lines JEG3, JAr, and BeWo, but not HTR8/SVneo.[1]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Ouyang Y, Mouillet JF, Coyne CB, Sadovsky Y (February 2014). "Review: placenta-specific microRNAs in exosomes – good things come in nano-packages". Placenta. 35 Suppl: S69-73. doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2013.11.002. PMC 3944048. PMID 24280233.
  2. ↑ Doridot L, Miralles F, Barbaux S, Vaiman D (November 2013). "Trophoblasts, invasion, and microRNA". Frontiers in Genetics. 4: 248. doi:10.3389/fgene.2013.00248. PMC 3836020. PMID 24312123.
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