Boris
Boris I of Bulgaria
GenderMale
Origin
Word/nameBulgar, Bulgarian
MeaningWolf, Short, Snow Leopard, Famous Battle (Borislav) or Fame-Bright (Robert)
Region of originFirst Bulgarian Empire
Other names
Related namesBob, Bobby (nicknames)

Boris, Borys or Barys (Bulgarian, Russian, Serbian, Ukrainian: Борис; Belarusian: Барыс) is a male name of Bulgar origin, an extinct Oghur Turkic language.[1] It is most commonly used in Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Bulgaria, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Slovakia, Slovenia and other countries in Eastern Europe. The spelling variant Borys is more common in Poland.

Meaning

A commonly accepted theory is that it is a Bulgar language name. Its precise etymology is unclear. It may be derived from one or more of several Turkic words such as böri – meaning "wolf", or from bogöri – which means "short", or from bars – meaning "snow leopard". It can be used as a short form of the name Borislav, derived from the Slavic elements borti "battle" and slava "glory", "fame". Through the nickname "Bob" the name is often linked together with the name Robert, an ancient Germanic name meaning "fame-bright".[2][3]

Origin

Boris is first found in written records in the case of the Bulgarian ruler Knyaz Boris I (852–889), who adopted Christianity in AD 864 and introduced it to his people. His name came to be known in Europe in relation to this particular act. Moreover, after his death in AD 907 he was proclaimed the first Bulgarian saint, and traces of his Orthodox sainthood during this period can be found as far away as Catholic Ireland. The Patriarchate of Constantinople recognized the canonization of St. Boris in AD 923.[4] Prince Boris was purportedly not a Slav and descended from the Bulgars. Among the Bulgars the name was known in its two forms: Boris and Bogoris.[5][6]

History

Boris started its worldwide spread with its adoption by Rus' Slavs from the First Bulgarian Empire. Bulgarian cultural missions intensified in the 10th century, during the reign of Tsar Petar and with them the spread of Bulgarian culture to what would become Ukrainian and Russian lands continued. It is speculated that the name of the Bulgarian saint Tsar Boris I reached the Rus in the late 10th century, likely during the reign of Boris II of Bulgaria (969–977), great-grandson of Boris I. In 967 the Byzantines instigated the Rus to attack the First Bulgarian Empire and it is probably around this campaign that the marriage of Vladimir I of Kiev to a Bulgarian noblewoman, who is assumed to be a daughter of Peter I, i.e., sister of Boris II, was arranged.[7][8][9]

One of the sons of Vladimir I was given the name Boris. As evidenced by the Rus' Primary Chronicle, Boris and Gleb were sons of Vladimir I, born to him by the Bulgarian princess. During Vladimir's reign in 988 the conversion of the Kievan Rus' to Christianity took place. In this conversion, both ordinary priests and prelates from Bulgaria played a significant part.[10] Also, with the adoption of the Byzantine calendar and the Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar, the cult of St. Boris entered the Rus' Orthodox Church.[11] In 1015, the princes Boris and Gleb were killed by their stepbrother Sviatopolk I of Kiev, who usurped the throne. Within a short time, Boris and Gleb were canonized and ever since, they have been the native soldier-saints most revered among the Ukrainians, Russians and Belarusians.[12]

Spreading

In addition to Kievan Rus the name Boris went over to other neighbours of Bulgaria as well. An example of this is the case of the Hungarian prince Boris Kalamanos (1112–1155), son of the Magyar king from his marriage with Euphtimia, daughter of the Kievan prince Vladimir II Monomakh. For a fairly long period men named Boris were found predominantly in the courts and among the nobility, but eventually the name became popular among all strata in the Russian Empire, including Siberia and Russian Alaska. Eventually the name spread internationally beginning in the mid-to-late 20th century.

List of people with given name Boris

Fictional characters

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Васил Н. Златарски.История на Първото българско царство. Междудържавното положение на България и покръщането на българите". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 15 June 2008.
  2. ↑ Проф. Веселин Бешевлиев (Издателство на Отечествения фронт, София 1981)
  3. ↑ Peter Golden, Turks and Khazars: Origins, Institutions, and Interactions in Pre-Mongol Eurasia, Volume 952, Ashgate / Variorum, 2010, ISBN 1409400034, p. 4.
  4. ↑ 1100 години от смъртта на княз Борис І. Христо Трендафилов.
  5. ↑ Boris – Name Meaning and Origin
  6. ↑ The etymology and history of first names.
  7. ↑ "OMDA, Околосветското пътешествие на името Борис". Archived from the original on 15 November 2016. Retrieved 30 March 2015.
  8. ↑ Материалы русской истории.Основные материалы для изучения русской истории.КИЕВСКИЙ КНЯЗЬ ЯРОСЛАВ ВЛАДИМИРОВИЧ.
  9. ↑ Киевская Русь и ее южные соседи. Киевская Русь и Болгария. Archived May 11, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
  10. ↑ ПОКРЪСТВАНЕТО НА КИЕВСКА РУС И БЪЛГАРИТЕ, д-р Горан Благоев, БНТ.
  11. ↑ Святой благоверный и равноапостольный царь Борис Болгарский.
  12. ↑ "Princes Boris and Gleb: Proto-martyrs and Passion-Bearers of Old Russia". Archived from the original on 7 October 2008. Retrieved 12 June 2008.
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