Bicycle parking station

Complex: Utrecht Centraal's bicycle parking facility is the largest in the world.^[1]^[2]

Simple: A Parkiteer e-card-accessible bike cage at Wyndham Vale station, Melbourne, Australia.

A lockable bike cage in Templin, Germany

A lockable bike box in Angermünde, Germany

A bicycle parking rack in Jakarta, Indonesia

A bicycle parking station, or bicycle garage, is a building or structure designed for use as a bicycle parking facility. Such a facility can be as simple as a lockable bike cage or shed or as complex as a purpose-built multi-level building: the common purpose is that they provide secure bicycle parking. Bicycle parking stations also go by names such as bike stations, bicycle centers and cycle centers, among many others.

Bicycle parking stations can offer additional facilities such as bicycle repairs, and customer facilities such as showers or lockers. Some are staffed while others are not. Some require users to join as members, while others are on a per-use basis or completely free of charge. Some are based at railway stations to facilitate "bike and ride" multi-modal transport, while others are situated at the end of the commute and as such are located in town or city centres, universities, and workplaces. Advanced bicycle parking station provide protection from weather, thieves and vandalism not only for the vehicle but also for the helmets and other personal belongings. In order to use less floor space, they store the vehicles vertically, either in a kind of towers or under the floor in shafts. It is important that the access time is short, even if several users want to store or transfer their bicycles at the same time.

Operation

Bicycle parking stations are often operated by local governments or municipalities or they can be private businesses run by bike shops or non-profit bicycle advocacy organizations. Some are fully automated.^[3]

Types

There are several types of bicycle parking stations. Most bicycle parking stations are non-automatic, and the user usually leaves their bike at bicycle parking racks in the facility. These facility are usually sheltered or indoor, but unsheltered outdoor facilities also exist.

Automatic bike parking stations exist in many forms, such as underground silos using automated storage and retrieval system.^[4]

Services

Bike stations may have several services connected to the facility.

Security

To prevent theft or vandalism, a bike station may have:

on-site staff during the day
a gate or door secured by key or by proximity card access.

Customer facilities

For the customer there may be additional services, such as:

lockers, changing rooms,
showers, bathrooms and toilets,
drinking fountains,
food and/or beverages, usually via vending machine
information available, such as pamphlets/brochures for bicycle safety, maps and other literature,e.g. about cycling routes or nearby points of interest. Some may even provide classes, e.g. bike maintenance or local area knowledge.

Bike services

Some bike stations (such as at many railway stations in the Netherlands) have staff who are able to carry out simple or complex repairs for a fee. This is very handy for commuters who can leave their bike there in the morning and pick it up fully repaired at the end of the day when on the way home. Regardless of whether repairs are available at a station or not, the station may also provide:

parts and accessories for sale
air pump for self-repair of flat tyres
bicycle rental.

Pricing

The most common pricing scheme for bike stations are:

a user pays service: the stations cost money to use, either through daily, weekly, monthly payments or through periodic memberships (though sometimes non-members can pay for daytime locker use).
free-of-charge service: the bike stations are usually fully paid for by the local municipality, local regional government, or by the operating company (e.g. for bicycle parking stations located at railway stations)
mixed system: some small charge may be required from the end-user (e.g. an administration charge) but the bulk of the operating costs are paid for by another entity.

Construction costs

The bike station in Washington, D.C., opened in 2009 and cost 4 million US dollars^[5] for 1,700 square feet (160 m²) of space and storage for 150 bicycles.
The King George Square Cycle Centre in Brisbane, Queensland opened in June 2008 and cost 7 million Australian dollars.^[6] It has 33 showers, 420 lockers, and parking for 420 bicycles in two-level racks.
The bike station at Utrecht Railway Station in the Netherlands was completed in 2019 for around €30 million and holds 12,500 bicycles, making it the world's largest. It has three levels of double-decker bike racks, connected by gentle sloping ramps.^[7]
The RBWH Cycle Centre in Brisbane opened in November 2009^[6] and cost A$8 million. It has 40 showers, more than 900 lockers, and parking for 750 bicycles.^[8]
The Parkiteer swipe card accessible bike cages of Victoria, Australia, which have at least 26 racks in them and cost approximately $AUD110,000 each.^[9]