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Richard Everitt

Richard Norman Everitt (6 December 1978 – 13 August 1994)[1] was a white 15-year-old boy who was stabbed to death in London, England. Everitt's neighbourhood, Somers Town, had been the site of ethnic tensions. He was murdered by a gang of British Bangladeshis who were seeking revenge against another white boy. Richard did not provoke the attack and had no history of anti-social behaviour.[2]

Badrul Miah, Showat Akbar, and Abdul Hai were tried in 1995.[3] Miah was given a life sentence, with minimum terms of 12 years. Akbar was sentenced to three years in custody for violent disorder. Abdul Hai was acquitted by the jury on the direction of Mrs Justice Steel, the trial judge, at the close of the prosecution case.[4]

Background

Somers Town, in the London Borough of Camden, was experiencing urban decay in the early 1990s. Many of its white families had been moved onto newer estates, and the ones who remained lived in poverty and unemployment, and felt in conflict with Bengalis. Bengalis were living in the neighbourhood's worst housing, with problems of overcrowding due to their larger-than-average families.[5]

White youths and Bengali youths attended different youth clubs, and interracial relationships were shunned.[6] Hate crimes occurred in the area, with statistics showing that they were predominantly against Bengalis; white locals claimed that these statistics owed to phony or exaggerated reports filed by Bengalis to gain preferential access to housing.[7] Bengalis said that their complaints were going unheard.[5]

Everitt attended South Camden Community School, where the ethnic tensions continued, although he was not involved in them. His mother had previously complained when he was allegedly threatened with a knife by an Asian pupil.[6]

Rosemary Harris, an anthropologist from nearby University College London, researched Somers Town's ethnic unrest in the early 1990s. She documented gangs of white, black and Asian origin, and concluded that the unrest was not caused by external political extremists but rather the playground rivalries of teenagers. She observed a discussion between Everitt's parents and a teacher after he was attacked by a Bangladeshi group, weeks before his murder occurred.[2] Harris said that Camden Council were uninterested in the research when it emerged that the unrest was not solely due to white racism, and said that school staff were fearful of disciplining Bangladeshis.[8]

A local Asian police officer said that the police were hesitant to see Somers Town's gang problem as race-related, and preferred to erroneously consider it motivated by rivalry between different estates.[8]

Victim

Richard Norman Everitt was born on 6 December 1978 in Camden, London to Norman and Mandy Everitt.[9][10][11] His family were native to North London and moved to the Somers Town Estate in 1986. Everitt had two older siblings: Daniel and Lucy.[10] His hobbies included building bikes, football, and playing on his Sega Megadrive.[12] In court Everitt was described by a friend as "well-liked, very kind and someone who would do anything for anybody"[13] and by the prosecution as "a mild-mannered and harmless 15-year-old boy who presented an easy target".[14]

Murder

On the night of 13 August 1994, Everitt returned from playing football and went to buy food with his friends. They returned with the food in a bag, walking along Midland Road next to St Pancras railway station and then turning onto Brill Place between 21:00 and 22:00.

A gang of Asian youths had set off from the Euston area towards Somers Town, seeking revenge on an Irish[2] teenager named Liam Coyle[4] over a grievance related to stolen property.[13][2][10] The prosecution said that the gang represented "a danger to any vulnerable white youth whom they happened to encounter".

The gang first surrounded a 16-year-old boy named Mark Andrew[4] on Goldington Street and demanded to know whether he knew Liam; when he replied that he did not, they punched him, pursued him and attempted to stab him in the back, with the victim suffering a small knife wound. One of the gang members was heard to shout "Oi, you cunt, you're going to die". The gang then moved south and then west along Brill Place.[13]

Everitt was with two other white boys on the night of his murder, who were identified in court as PP 9 (aged 14) and MF (aged 17). The Asian gang had initially been walking away from the boys, but upon spotting them they turned around. One of the gang, who the prosecution contended was Miah, demanded to know whether MF knew Liam Coyle; when MF replied that he did not, he was headbutted and accused of lying. MF and PP then managed to run away and escape.[13] Everitt was caught and stabbed in the back with a seven-inch kitchen knife in his shoulder blades, piercing his heart. His friends notified his parents, who came to him as he was carried into an ambulance. Everitt died at the hospital.[15]

Shortly after the stabbing, Badrul Miah bragged that the gang had "stabbed up a white boy".[14] He returned to Euston where he met two girls who later claimed he told them "We've just had a fight with some white boys in Somers Town. We've just stabbed one of them". Miah was eating pot noodles at the time, which the prosecution later contended had been bought by Everitt and taken from him when he was stabbed. When Miah was arrested, he still had Everitt's blood on his jeans and trainers.[13]

During the investigations, a local Asian businessman offered a reward of £10,000 for whoever would name the suspects.[8] Eleven men were arrested and bailed shortly after Everitt was stabbed.[16]

The trial began on 5 October 1995 at the Old Bailey. The prosecution's position was that it was unknown who had wielded the knife, and that it was not necessarily Miah who had stabbed Everitt, but that the stabbing was a "joint enterprise" that Miah had been part of.[13] On 1 November, Miah was found guilty of conspiring to murder Everitt and was given a life sentence with a minimum of twelve years in prison, while Showat Akbar was found guilty of violent disorder and sentenced to three years' youth detention. The judge acknowledged that the identity of the killer was unknown but characterised Miah and Akbar as "ringleaders" of the attack. She noted that some of the gang members had fled to Bangladesh, and told Miah and Akbar that "You two alone stand to carry the can for what happened on that night."[14]

The judge ruled that there was no case to answer against the third defendant, Abdul Hai, who was subsequently elected as a councillor in the Borough of Camden.[17]

A campaign for the release of two convicts began, which asserted that the jury and prosecution had acted out of racism. Advocacy groups including Liberty, Camden Legal Centre, Camden Racial Equality Council, and the Society of Black Lawyers supported the campaign. Street protesters held a banner saying "FREE THE KINGS X TWO".[8]

Miah and Akbar appealed their convictions on several grounds. The defence sought to include as part of the appeal a note which they claimed was written by a female juror shortly after the original trial and later provided to Imran Khan, a solicitor on the defendants' legal team. The note claims that multiple members of the jury presumed the defendants' guilt before any evidence was presented, appeared to exhibit "underlying prejudice of some description" towards them, were convinced that Hai was guilty, and were further convinced that Miah had personally inflicted the fatal stab wound on Everitt (despite this never being alleged by the prosecution). According to the note, had the jury not been directed to acquit Hai, they would have found him guilty, despite there being - in the opinion of one dissenting juror - "absolutely no evidence to support this at all".[4]

This appeal was rejected by the Court of Appeal in November 1996. The court noted in its judgement that it was not satisfied that the alleged juror's note was genuine, but that even if it were, extensive precedent establishes that evidence from jurors about deliberations that took place in the jury room is not admissible in court, and that to disclose or solicit disclosure of what was said in the jury room is a criminal offence under the Contempt of Court Act 1981.[13][18] The court further noted that if the note were genuine, then both its author and Imran Khan had violated the 1981 Act.[13]

Miah further appealed the case to European Court of Human Rights in July 1998, but this appeal was also unsuccessful.[4] He was released in 2008.[8]

Aftermath

Everitt's murder was received with shock in Somers Town. A Bengali teenager told The Independent that "The boy seems to have had nothing to do with trouble. We are so shocked that Bengali boys could do this. It is the innocent increasingly who are suffering".[6] The Deputy Headmaster of Everitt's school told the press that cohesion was generally good at the school.[6] Jalal Uddin, a Bengali activist, spoke of his fears that revenge attacks could continue perpetually.[7]

A halal butcher's was firebombed, and white gangs attacked Bengalis.[5] Bengalis told family members to stay indoors, and the police increased their presence in order to combat the gangs.[6] A white gang member said that he would not accept support from the British National Party because "the BNP comes down here, gets everyone whipped up and then when the trouble starts we get it and they run away".[6]

After the convictions, Everitt's family were abused by Bengali neighbours, and moved to Essex before settling in northern England. His mother successfully campaigned for stronger sentences for knife crime.[15] In correspondence with the author Michael Collins, she said that "I know it's a terrible thing to say, but I sometimes wish that Richard had been murdered by a white boy. Then we'd have had to deal with the murder but not the nightmare of everything else that followed".[8]

Frank Dobson, the local Labour MP, denied a racial motive and said that suggestions of such would inflame the situation.[8]

The murder was mentioned by India Today as attributable to a decline in values among British Asian youth, who were previously considered a model minority but were becoming increasingly involved with drugs and gangs.[19]

In February 2012, politician Richard Barnbrook (then independent, formerly BNP) raised the issue of Everitt's murder and that of Terry Gregory (2003) in the London Assembly. He questioned why 23 police officers were still investigating the murder of Stephen Lawrence, who was black, yet none were assigned to finding the killers of the aforementioned white teenagers, suggesting there were "hate crime double standards". Mayor Boris Johnson said that both cases were solved and neither were racist.[20] In a follow-up statement the following month, Barnbrook said that only one person had been convicted for Everitt's death and nobody for Gregory's; Johnson replied that both cases had gone to court and judgement was made on the evidence available.[21]

Memorials and legacy

Diana, Princess of Wales privately laid flowers at the site of Everitt's murder.[8] His funeral took place on 14 October 1994 at St Mary the Virgin Roman Catholic Church.[22][23]

A memorial plaque paying tribute to Everitt was placed on a wall in Somers Town at the location of his murder. It was later moved to the nearby Purchase Street open space, near Brill Place.[24][9] A memorial bench was also located at the site, the inscription on it includes the text "Death is nothing at all. I have only slipped away into the next room."[1]

In June 2020, the plaque and bench were moved without prior notification of Everitt's family, as the council-owned land had been sold to private developers.[12] Due to the George Floyd protests, the borough council suggested renaming several properties, and Everitt's older brother petitioned for a council housing tower named after the British colonist Cecil Rhodes to be renamed for Everitt.[12]

In response to Everitt's murder, the KXL Camden United project was founded using football to bring young people together. The team is for players aged 15 to 19.[25]

Socialist Workers Party activist Alan Walter launched Camden Action Now alongside Everitt's parents, offering youth activities and aiming to unite the community.[26]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "Plaque: Richard Everitt". London Remembers. Retrieved 27 May 2020.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Harris, Rosemary (20 July 1997). "A death in the ghetto". Prospect. Retrieved 27 May 2020.
  3. ↑ "Schoolboy stabbed to death in 'brutal attack'". The Independent. 6 October 1995. Archived from the original on 18 June 2022.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 "Miah v. The United Kingdom". European Court of Human Rights.
  5. 1 2 3 Malik, Kenan (20 August 1994). "Somers Town: where lessons go unlearnt". The Independent. Retrieved 14 October 2015.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Braid, Mary (16 August 1994). "Fear and loathing after 'racial' murder: Gangs of teenagers have vowed to avenge the death of a white schoolboy stabbed by a group of Asians in Somers Town, north London, on Saturday. Mary Braid reports on the mounting tensions". The Independent. Archived from the original on 18 June 2022. Retrieved 14 October 2015.
  7. 1 2 "Knifing inflames London Area". Boca Raton News. Associated Press. 24 August 1994. Retrieved 14 October 2015.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Collins, Michael (2 September 2020). "The wrong kind of race murder". Retrieved 16 December 2020.
  9. 1 2 "Richard Everitt". London Remembers.
  10. 1 2 3 "The wrong kind of race murder | Michael Collins". The Critic Magazine. 2 September 2020.
  11. ↑ "FreeBMD Entry Info". freebmd.org.uk.
  12. 1 2 3 Foot, Tom (29 June 2020). "Teen stabbing victim memorial is removed". Camden New Journal. Retrieved 8 December 2020.
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "BM & Anor, R v | [1997] 2 Cr App R 12 | England and Wales Court of Appeal (Criminal Division) | CaseMine". casemine.com.
  14. 1 2 3 McKie, John (1 November 1995). "Gang leader gets life for killing boy". The Independent. Archived from the original on 18 June 2022. Retrieved 14 October 2015.
  15. 1 2 McCaffrey, Julie (13 October 2008). "Exclusive: I can't forgive my son's knife crime killer". Daily Mirror. Retrieved 14 October 2015.
  16. ↑ MacKinnon, Ian (15 August 1994). "Race motive suspected in murder of white boy: Friends find teenager stabbed in street". The Independent. Archived from the original on 18 June 2022. Retrieved 14 October 2015.
  17. ↑ "Is Camden Safe? - a Freedom of Information request to Camden Borough Council". October 2021.
  18. ↑ Wade, Alex (10 January 2003). "Justice in the dark". The Guardian. Retrieved 27 May 2020.
  19. ↑ Merchant, Khozem (15 October 1994). "Immigrant gangland". India Today. Retrieved 14 October 2015.
  20. ↑ "Hate Crime Double Standards". London Assembly. 22 February 2012. Retrieved 27 May 2020.
  21. ↑ "Hate Crime Double Standards". London Assembly. 14 March 2012. Retrieved 27 May 2020.
  22. ↑ Limited, Alamy. "Stock Photo - RICHARD EVERITT FUNERAL - LONDON". Alamy.
  23. ↑ "Funeral of Richard Everitt · British Universities Film & Video Council". bufvc.ac.uk.
  24. ↑ Rowe, Mark (10 September 2000). "Roadside flowers and plaques for accident victims multiply as shrine culture takes hold of Britain". The Independent. Archived from the original on 18 June 2022. Retrieved 27 May 2020.
  25. ↑ "Community team scores a winner". BBC Sport. 12 July 2002. Retrieved 27 May 2020.
  26. ↑ Mitchell, Austin (16 March 2009). "Alan Walter". The Guardian.
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