The Association of European Cinematheques (French: Association des Cinémathèques Européennes - ACE) is an affiliation of 49 European national and regional film archives founded in 1991.[1] Its role is to safeguard the European film heritage and make these rich audiovisual records collected and preserved by the various film archives accessible to the public. ACE is a regional branch of FIAF Fédération Internationale des Archives du Film / International Federation of Film Archives. ACE members are non-profit institutions committed to the FIAF Code of Ethics.[2]

History

European film archives have been collecting, preserving, and restoring films and other materials relating to films since the 1930s. The collections range from pre-cinema apparatus to digital cinema files, all of which require specific methods, techniques and an extensive knowledge of film history for preservation.

In 1991, representatives of 31 main European film archives came together to create LUMIERE, a pan-European film restoration project.[3][4] It was the first large-scale film restoration project funded by the MEDIA I Programme of the European community. The LUMIERE project lasted between 1991 and 1996, during which more than 1000 film titles were preserved and restored, 700 films were re-discovered and identified and a Joint European Filmography (JEF) was established.[3][4][5]

ACE started in 1991 as the Association des Cinémathèques de la Communauté Européenne (ACCE).[3][4] By the end of the LUMIERE project in 1996, the association renamed to its current title, Association des Cinémathèques Européennes (ACE), and established collaboratively its role in raising awareness of the cultural and economic value of European film heritage among policymakers and the audiovisual industry.[4]

Operating on the European level, ACE also represents the interest of its members in the European Union. ACE works to support and improve the economic and legal conditions, as well as technical and scientific research for digitization and long-term film preservation.[6]

ACE members

ACE is an affiliation of 49 national and regional European film archives:[7]

  1. Eye Filmmuseum, Amsterdam
  2. Ταινιοθήκη της Ελλάδος / Greek Film Archive, Athens
  3. Filmoteca de Catalunya, Barcelona
  4. Filmske novosti, Belgrade
  5. Arhiv Jugoslovenske kinoteke / Jugoslav Film Archive, Belgrade
  6. Bundesarchiv-Filmarchiv, Berlin
  7. Deutsche Kinemathek, Berlin
  8. Lichtspiel / Kinemathek Bern, Bern
  9. Centre national du cinéma, Bois d’Arcy
  10. Fondazione Cineteca di Bologna, Bologna
  11. Cinémathèque royale de Belgique / Koninklijk Belgisch Filmarchief, Brussels
  12. Arhiva Nationala de Filme, Bucharest
  13. Nemzeti Filmintézet Magyarország – Filmarchívum / National Film Institute Hungary – Film Archive, Budapest
  14. Det Danske Filminstitut, Copenhagen
  15. Irish Film Institute, Dublin
  16. DFF – Deutsches Filminstitut & Filmmuseum, Frankfurt
  17. La Cineteca del Friuli, Gemona
  18. Kansallinen audiovisuaalinen instituutti / National Audiovisual Institute, Finland, Helsinki
  19. Cinémathèque suisse, Lausanne
  20. Cinemateca Portuguesa – Museu do Cinema, Lisbon
  21. Slovenski filmski arhiv, Ljubljana
  22. Slovenska kinoteka / Slovenian Cinematheque, Ljubljana
  23. British Film Institute, London
  24. Imperial War Museums, London
  25. La Cinémathèque de la Ville de Luxembourg, Luxembourg
  26. Filmoteca Española, Madrid
  27. Fondazione Cineteca Italiana, Milan
  28. Gosfilmofond, Moscow
  29. Filmmuseum München, Münich
  30. Nasjonalbiblioteket, Oslo
  31. Cinemateket / The Norwegian Film Institute, Oslo
  32. La Cinémathèque française, Paris
  33. Crnogorska Kinoteka, Podgorica
  34. Národní filmový archiv, Prague
  35. Cineteca Nazionale, Rome
  36. Kinoteka Bosne i Hercegovine, Sarajevo
  37. Кинотека на Република Северна Македонија / Cinematheque of the Republic of North Macedonia, Skopje
  38. Българска национална филмотека / Bulgarian National Film Archive, Sofia
  39. Svenska Filminstitutet, Stockholm
  40. Film Archives of the National Archives of Estonia, Tallinn
  41. Arkivi Qendror Shtetëror i Filmit (AQSHF) / Albanian National Film Archive, Tirana
  42. La Cinémathèque de Toulouse
  43. Museo Nazionale del Cinema, Turin
  44. Filmoteca Valenciana – Institut Valencià de Cultura, Valencia
  45. Filmoteca Vaticana, Vatican
  46. Filmarchiv Austria, Vienna
  47. Österreichisches Filmmuseum, Vienna
  48. Filmoteka Narodowa – Instytut Audiowizualny, Warsaw
  49. Hrvatski državni arhiv – Hrvatska kinoteka / Croatian state archive – Croatian cinematheque, Zagreb

Protection of film heritage in Europe

The European Commission directly supports efforts to protect Europe's film heritage. The legal basis for action is Article 167 of the TFEU (Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union), which encourages member states to support the conservation and safeguard of the cultural heritage, including film heritage.[8] The Film Heritage Recommendation 2005[9] invites the member states to systematically collect, catalogue, preserve, and restore Europe's film heritage.

Projects

ACE has initiated several film heritage projects funded by the European Union:

  • LUMIERE (1991–1996), supported by MEDIA I programme.
  • All the Colours of the World. Colours in early mass media 1900-1930 (1996–1997). Supported by KALEIDOSCOPE.[10]
  • Search For Lost Films (1997–1999), supported by RAPHAEL.
  • FAOL – Film Archives On Line (1997–2000). Creation of web-based learning tools in the field of film preservation/restoration. Supported by LEONARDO.[11]
  • ARCHIMEDIA (1997–2004). European training network for the promotion of cinema heritage, supported by MEDIA II.[12]
  • FIRST – Film Restoration and Conservation Strategies (2002–2004). Research project on the application of digital techniques to film heritage. “Film Archives on the Threshold of a Digital Era”: Technical Issues from the EU FIRST Project. FIAF Journal of Film Preservation n° 68, 12/2004. IST - 5th Framework Programme.
  • MIDAS – Moving Image Database for Access and Re-use of European Film Collections (2006–2009). The web portal Filmarchives online gives access to catalogue information from film archives all over Europe.
  • EDCINE – Enhanced Digital Cinema (2006–2009): Research and development of applications for storing, managing and distributing digitised archival films (IST 6th Framework Programme).
  • EN 15744 and EN 15907: Cinematographic works standards on the interoperability of film databases (2005–2010). The standardization work was mandated in 2005 by the European Commission and delegated to CEN (European Committee for Standardization).[13]
  • The European Film Gateway (2008–2011). The EFG Portal gives access to digitised films and film related material held in European film archives (eContentplus Programme).
  • EFG1914: World War I Film digitisation project (2012–2014), supported by the ICT-Policy Support Programme.[14]
  • FORWARD: Framework for an EU wide Audiovisual Orphan Works Registry (2013-2016). The project develops a system for assessing the rights status of audiovisual works and a registry of orphan film compliant to the Directive 2012/28/EU. The project is co-funded by the ICT-Policy Support Programme.
  • ABCinema is a joint project of Europeana film archives and film education organisations to share best practices and new approaches in film literacy.
  • A Season of Classic Films (2019–today): a series of free screenings across Europe to raise awareness of the work of European film archives, with many new digital film restorations presented by the ACE participating film institutions - supported by the EU Creative Europe programme.[15][16][17][18][19]
  • ArteKino Classics (2022-today): a partnership between ARTE and ACE to make European films and cinema history more visible and accessible to greater audiences by presenting a diverse programme of films by European archives.[20][21][22]

References

  1. ↑ "History of ACE". ACE - Association des Cinémathèques Européennes. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
  2. ↑ "FIAF Code of Ethics". FIAF - International Federation of Film Archives. Retrieved 18 November 2020.
  3. 1 2 3 Surowiec, Catherine A., ed. (1996). The Lumiere Project: The European Film Archives at the Crossroads. Lisbon, Portugal: Associação Projeto Lumiere. ISBN 9789729540400.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Olesen, C. G. (2017). Film history in the making: Film historiography, digitised archives and digital research dispositifs. Amsterdam: Amsterdam School for Heritage and Memory Studies (AHM). hdl:11245.1/ad68a275-e968-4fce-b91e-4783cd69686c.
  5. ↑ Le Roy, Eric (2013). Cinémathèques et archives du film. Paris: Armand Colin. p. 130.
  6. ↑ Nicola Mazzanti, Peaceful Fish: Challenges of the Digital Era for Film Heritage Institutions. Final Report prepared for the European Commission, DG Information Society and Media, December 2011. http://ec.europa.eu/digital-agenda/sites/digital-agenda/files/final_report_en.pdf
  7. ↑ Reizi, Paulina, ed. (2020). A Season of Classic Films: programme catalogue (PDF). Amsterdam, the Netherlands: ACE - Association des Cinémathèques Européennes.
  8. ↑ Consolidated version of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union - PART THREE: UNION POLICIES AND INTERNAL ACTIONS - TITLE XIII: CULTURE - Article 167 (ex Article 151 TEC)
  9. ↑ Recommendation of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 November 2005 on film heritage and the competitiveness of related industrial activities
  10. ↑ All the colours of the world: colours in early mass media 1900-1930 / Tutti i colori del mondo: Il colore nei mass media tra 1900 e 1930. Diabasis. 1998. ISBN 9788881030750.
  11. ↑ Brain Pitchard, Film Archives On Line: Its history, its aims. See: "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-08-31. Retrieved 2013-08-16.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  12. ↑ Gregory Lukow "Education, Training and Careers in Moving Image Preservation". AMIA: The Association of Moving Image Archivists: https://www.academia.edu/1077727/_Education_Training_and_Careers_in_Moving_Image_Preservation_
  13. ↑ "Home". filmstandards.org.
  14. ↑ "EFG1914 project | European Film Gateway".
  15. ↑ "A Season of Classic Films". ACE - Association des Cinémathèques Européennes. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
  16. ↑ "A Season of Classic Films: bringing European classics closer to people". European Commission. 15 October 2020. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
  17. ↑ Reizi, Paulina (27 October 2020). "A Season of Classic Films – Programme Catalogue". ACE - Association des Cinémathèques Européennes. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
  18. ↑ "ACE's Season of Classic Films". FIAF - International Federation of Film Archives. 27 October 2020. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
  19. ↑ Meza, Ed (16 October 2020). "Association of European Film Archives President Calls for Greater Access to Heritage Cinema Ahead of Season of Classic Films". Variety. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
  20. ↑ Reizi, Paulina (1 February 2022). "A SEASON OF CLASSIC FILMS: ACE – ARTE PARTNERSHIP". ACE - Association des Cinémathèques Européennes. Retrieved 30 April 2022.
  21. ↑ Reizi, Paulina (29 March 2022). "ARTEKINO CLASSICS: A NEW LOOK AT EUROPE'S FILM HERITAGE". ACE - Association des Cinémathèques Européennes. Retrieved 30 April 2022.
  22. ↑ "ArteKino Classics". ARTE. Retrieved 30 April 2022.
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