Natural

• Anomaly (natural sciences)
  • Atmospheric anomaly
  • Geophysical anomaly

Medical

• Congenital anomaly (birth defect), a disorder present at birth
  • Physical anomaly, a deformation of an anatomical structure
    • Congenital vertebral anomaly, any of several malformations of the spine
  • Collie eye anomaly, eye disease of dogs
  • Coronary artery anomaly, a congenital abnormality in the heart
  • Ebstein's anomaly, a congenital heart defect
  • Uhl anomaly, a congenital heart disease affecting the myocardial muscle
  • Vaginal anomalies

Biology

• Anomalous, a species of moth in the Noctuid family
• Chromosome anomaly, a disorder caused by a structural error in a chromosome or an atypical number of chromosomes
• Genetic anomaly, a disorder caused by mutation
• Teratology, the study of developmental anomalies

Physics

• Anomalous diffusion, the movement of molecules from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration
• Anomalous dispersion (optics), when the speed of an electromagnetic wave increases with increasing frequency
• Anomalon, a hypothetical type of nuclear matter that shows an anomalously large reactive cross section
• Anomaly (physics), a failure of a symmetry of a theory's classical action
• Conformal anomaly, a quantum phenomenon that breaks the conformal symmetry of the classical theory
• Chiral anomaly, an anomalous nonconservation of a chiral current
• Gauge anomaly, the effect of quantum mechanics that invalidates the gauge symmetry of a quantum field theory
• Global anomaly, in quantum physics
• Gravitational anomaly, an effect in quantum mechanics that invalidates the general covariance of some theories of general relativity
• Konishi anomaly, the violation of the conservation of the Noether current associated with certain transformations
• Mixed anomaly, an effect in quantum mechanics
• Parity anomaly, associated with parity

Astronomy

• In astronomy, an anomaly of an elliptical orbit, generally measured with respect to an apsis, usually the periapsis
• Anomalous precession, another term for "apsidal precession"
• Eccentric anomaly, an intermediate value used to compute the position of a celestial object as a function of time
• Flyby anomaly, an unexpected energy increase during the flybys of the Earth by various satellites
• Mean anomaly, a measure of time in the study of orbital dynamics
• Pioneer anomaly, the observed deviation of the trajectories of some uncrewed space probes, and especially Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11
• South Atlantic Anomaly, an area where the Earth's inner Van Allen radiation belt comes closest to the Earth's surface
• True anomaly, the angle between the direction of periapsis and the current position of an object on its orbit

Fictional entities

• Anomaly, a rift in the space-time continuum in the television series Futurama
• Anomaly, any shortcut to hyperspace travel in Robert Heinlein's novels of the 1950s, today called wormholes
• "Anomaly" (Star Trek: Enterprise), a 2003 episode of Star Trek: Enterprise
• The Anomaly, a 2014 film
• Anomaly (comics), a villain in DC Comics
• Anomaly (Primeval), a time portal in the TV series Primeval
• Spatial anomaly, an extraordinary disruption in the space-time continuum in the Star Trek universe
• The Fortean anomaly, in the work of Charles Fort
• The Tycho Magnetic Anomaly (TMA) on the Moon in the novel and in the film 2001: A Space Odyssey by Sir Arthur C. Clarke and Stanley Kubrick
• Entities in the SCP universe, often referred to as "anomalies"

Video games

• Anomaly: Warzone Earth, a real time strategy video game
  • Anomaly Korea
  • Anomaly 2

Publications

• The Anomalies, a 2003 novel by Joey Goebel
• Anomaly (series), a 2013 trilogy by Krista McGee
• Anomaly (graphic novel), by Brian Haberlin
• The Anomaly (novel), by French author Hervé Le Tellier

Music