Anglo-Portuguese Army Exército Anglo-Luso
British and Portuguese regiments, side by side, at the Second Battle of Porto.
Active	22 April 1809
Disbanded	1814
Country	United Kingdom  Portugal
Allegiance	George III of the United Kingdom John VI of Portugal
Size	53,000 British 3,000 Hanoverians of the KGL 35,000 Portuguese Regulars [1]
Garrison/HQ	Lisbon, Portugal
Engagements	Battle of Roliça Battle of Vimeiro Second Battle of Porto Battle of Grijó Battle of the Côa Battle of Bussaco Battle of Pombal Battle of Redinha Battle of Campo Maior Battle of Sabugal Blockade of Almeida Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro Battle of Albuera Battle of Arroyo dos Molinos Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo (1812) Siege of Badajoz (1812) Battle of Almaraz Battle of Salamanca Battle of Majadahonda Siege of Burgos Battle of Vitoria Siege of San Sebastián Battle of Roncesvalles (1813) Battle of the Pyrenees Battle of Sorauren Battle of the Bidassoa (1813) Battle of Nivelle Battle of Nive Battle of Garris Battle of Orthez Battle of Toulouse (1814) Battle of Bayonne
Commanders
Commander-in-chief	Arthur Wellesley
Notable commanders	Brent Spencer, Carlos Frederico Lecor, Luís do Rego Barreto, Henry Clinton, James Leith, John Hope, Lowry Cole, Robert Craufurd, Rowland Hill, Thomas Picton, William Beresford

The Anglo-Portuguese Army was the combined British and Portuguese army that participated in the Peninsular War, under the command of Arthur Wellesley. The Army is also referred to as the British-Portuguese Army and, in Portuguese, as the Exército Anglo-Luso or the Exército Anglo-Português.

The Anglo-Portuguese Army was established with the British Army deployed to the Iberian Peninsula under the command of General Arthur Wellesley, and the Portuguese Army rebuilt under the leadership of British General William Beresford and the Portuguese War Secretary Miguel Pereira Forjaz. The new Portuguese battalions were supplied with British equipment, trained to British standards and thoroughly re-organised. Incompetent or corrupt officers were cashiered and appropriate replacements were appointed or promoted from amongst promising Non-commissioned officers.

On 22 April 1809, Wellesley became Commander-in-Chief of the British Army in the Peninsula, replacing General Cradock, whose assessment of the military situation the British government found too pessimistic.^[2] At the same time he was appointed by the Portuguese Government as Commander-in-Chief of the Portuguese Army. He then came to have the two armies under his command, transforming them into a single integrated army.

The Army was organised into divisions, most of them including mixed British-Portuguese units. Usually, each one had two British and one Portuguese brigades. In the elite Light Division, the brigades themselves were mixed, each including two British light infantry and one Portuguese Caçadores battalions.

Order of battle

The following tables show the order of battle and commanders of the Anglo-Portuguese Army at various stages in the Peninsular War.

See also

• Army of Spain (Peninsular War)
• Lines of Torres Vedras
• King's German Legion
• Anglo-Portuguese Alliance

References

Bibliography

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• Bryant, Arthur (1950). The Age of Elegance: 1812–1822. London: Collins.
• Chandler, David; Beckett, Ian (2003). The Oxford History of the British Army. UK: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-280311-5.
• Chappell, Mike (2004). Wellington's Peninsula Regiments (2): The Light Infantry. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 1-84176-403-5.
• Fletcher, Ian; Younghusband, William (1994). Wellington's Foot Guards. UK: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 1-85532-392-3.
• Fregosi, Paul (1989). Dreams of Empire: Napoleon and the first World War, 1792–1815. Hutchinson. ISBN 0-09-173926-8.
• Glover, Michael (1974). The Peninsular War 1807–1814: A Concise Military History. UK: David & Charles. ISBN 0-7153-6387-5.
• Haythornthwaite, Philip J. (1987). British Infantry of the Napoleonic Wars. London: Arms and Armour Press. ISBN 0-85368-890-7.
• —— (1996). Weapons & Equipment of the Napoleonic Wars. Arms and Armour Press. ISBN 1-85409-495-5.
• Napier, Sir William Francis Patrick (1952). English Battles and Sieges in the Peninsula. London: Chapman & Hall.
• Nofi, Albert A. (1998). The Waterloo Campaign: June 1815. USA: Da Capo Press. ISBN 0-938289-98-5.
• Sumner, Ian; Hook, Richard (2001). British Colours and Standards 1747–1881 (2): Infantry. UK: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 1-84176-201-6.
• Venning, Annabel (2005). Following the Drum: The Lives of Army Wives and Daughters Past and Present. London: Headline Publishing. ISBN 0-7553-1258-9.