3361 Orpheus
Discovery
Discovered byCarlos Torres
Discovery siteCerro El Roble
Discovery date24 April 1982
Designations
(3361) Orpheus
Pronunciation/ˈɔːrfiːəs, ˈɔːrfjuːs/
Named after
Ὀρϕεύς Orpheus
1982 HR
PHA[1]
AdjectivesOrphean (Orphæan) /ɔːrˈfiːən/[2]
Orbital characteristics[1]
Epoch 13 June 2008 (JD 2454630.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc11752 days (32.18 yr)
Aphelion1.5999 AU (239.34 Gm)
Perihelion0.81893 AU (122.510 Gm)
1.2094 AU (180.92 Gm)
Eccentricity0.32288
1.33 yr (485.82 d)
283.408°
0° 44m 27.636s / day
Inclination2.6849°
189.602°
301.651°
Earth MOID0.0139175 AU (2.08203 Gm)
Physical characteristics
Dimensions0.3 km[1]
Mean radius
0.15 km
3.532 h (0.1472 d)[1]
19.03[1]

    3361 Orpheus (1982 HR) is an Apollo asteroid that was discovered on 24 April 1982 by Carlos Torres at Cerro El Roble Astronomical Station. Its eccentric orbit crosses that of Mars and Earth, and approaches Venus as well. From 1900 to 2100 it passes closer than 30 Gm to Venus 11, Earth 33, and Mars 14 times. It passed by Earth at a distance of about 0.03 AU (4.5 million km; 12 LD) in 1937, 1978, 1982, and 2021 and will again in 2025.[1]

    3361 Orpheus is a potentially hazardous asteroid (PHA) because its minimum orbit intersection distance (MOID) is less than 0.05 AU (7.5 million km; 19 LD) and its diameter is greater than 140 meters. The Earth-MOID is 0.0139 AU (2,080,000 km; 1,290,000 mi).[1] With an observation arc of 36 years, the orbit is well-determined for the next several hundred years.

    The orbital solution includes non-gravitational forces.[1]

    Close approach[1]
    Date JPL SBDB
    nominal geocentric
    distance    		 uncertainty
    region
    (3-sigma)
    2021-11-215768611 km± 18 km
    2198-04-163908508 km± 129 km[3]

    Missions

    Animation of DART's trajectory
      DART ·   65803 Didymos ·   Earth ·   Sun ·   2001 CB21 ·   3361 Orpheus

    3361 Orpheus had been one of the originally proposed targets for the Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous (NEAR) mission.

    The proposed AIDA mission's spacecraft, Double Asteroid Redirection Test was a fly-by observation of 3361 Orpheus during its trajectory to asteroid 65803 Didymos but later cancelled.[4]

    References

    1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 3361 Orpheus (1982 HR)" (last observation: 17 November 2021). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
    2. ↑ "Orphean". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
    3. ↑ "Horizons Batch for 2198-Apr-16 Close Approach". JPL Horizons. Archived from the original on 17 October 2022. Retrieved 17 October 2022. RNG_3sigma = uncertainty range in km. (JPL#179/Soln.date: 2022-Mar-23 generates RNG_3sigma = 129 km)
    4. ↑ Cheng, A.F.; Michel, P.; Jutzi, M.; Rivkin, A.S.; Stickle, A.; Barnouin, O.; Ernst, C.; Atchison, J.; Pravec, P.; Richardson, D.C. (2016). "Asteroid Impact & Deflection Assessment mission: Kinetic impactor". Planetary and Space Science. 121: 27–35. Bibcode:2016P&SS..121...27C. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2015.12.004.
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