1929 Sino-Soviet conflict

In August 1929, in preparation for the Sino-Soviet conflict over the Chinese Eastern Railway, the division became part of the Special Far Eastern Army (ODVA), later given the Red Banner (ODVKA). At the time, it was commanded by Ivan Onufriyev and included the 4th Insk, 5th, and 6th Rifle Regiments, the 2nd Separate Cavalry Battalion, and the 2nd Artillery Regiment.^[7] The 5th Rifle Regiment was stationed at Blagoveshchensk and was relieved there by the 26th Rifle Division, which allowed it to concentrate with the rest of the division across from the mouth of the Sungari in eastern Manchuria.^[8] The division was tasked with conducting the Sungari operation in cooperation with the Amur Flotilla, which would threaten Harbin with the defeat of the Chinese Sungari flotilla by the Amur flotilla and successive amphibious raids on Tungchiang and Fuchin. The 2nd Battalion of the 4th Rifle Regiment trained other units of the division in amphibious tactics and formed the assault group of the division along with two battalions each from the 5th and 6th Rifle Regiments.^[9]

After the gunboats of the Amur flotilla defeated the Chinese ships on the morning of 12 October, the first units of the division landed from barges on the Chinese side of the Amur, quickly followed by Onufriyev and the division headquarters. The opposing units of the 9th Kirin Mixed Brigade resisted their advance stubbornly, limiting the Soviets to a six-kilometer advance in as many hours to reach Tungchiang itself. After the Chinese began retreating in the late afternoon, the division routed them, inflicting an estimated nearly 1,000 killed and wounded in return for losses of 172 killed and 100 wounded. After the assault, the division regrouped and handed over Tungchiang to GPU troops to prepare for the raid on Fuchin.^[10]

The raid on Fuchin was conducted by the 1st and 3rd Battalions of the division's 5th Regiment. Although the landing was delayed by Chinese fire on the Soviet minesweepers, the 3rd Battalion routed the first line of Chinese trenches held by forces of the 7th Kirin Mixed Brigade, but the 1st Battalion was repulsed in a frontal attack on the second trench line. The defense of the second trench line proved brief as the fleeing troops from the first trench line caused confusion that allowed the 3rd Battalion to gain a foothold in front of the second trench line. The Soviets broke through the Chinese defenses in four hours of fighting, continuing the advance into the Old City, completing the capture of Fuchin by 20:00. They withdrew from the city on 2 November and returned to Khabarovsk. Despite the military success of the operation, it did not force the Chinese to accede to the Soviet terms. The war ended in the second half of November with the Soviet Dalainour-Manzhouli operation and subsequent advance on Hailar in western Manchuria.^[11]

The division was disbanded in accordance with a General Staff directive of 20 December 1933 by an OKDVA order on 7 January 1934.^[12] Its headquarters was used to form that of the Poltavka Fortified Region on 17 January 1934.^[5]

Citations

Bibliography

• Cherushev, Nikolai Semyonovich; Cherushev, Yury Nikolaevich (2012). Расстрелянная элита РККА (командармы 1-го и 2-го рангов, комкоры, комдивы и им равные): 1937–1941. Биографический словарь [Executed Elite of the Red Army (Komandarms of the 1st and 2nd Ranks, Komkors, Komdivs, and Equivalents) 1937–1941 Biographical Dictionary] (in Russian). Moscow: Kuchkovo Pole. ISBN 978-5-9950-0217-8.
• Dvoinykh, L.V.; Kariaeva, T.F.; Stegantsev, M.V., eds. (1993). Центральный государственный архив Советской армии: Путеводитель [A Guide to the Central State Archive of the Soviet Army] (in Russian). Vol. 2. Minneapolis: Eastview Publications. ISBN 1879944030. Archived from the original on 30 August 2017.
• Walker, Michael M. (2017). The 1929 Sino-Soviet War: The War Nobody Knew. Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas. ISBN 9780700623754 – via Project MUSE.