1986 New York Giants season
OwnerWellington Mara
General managerGeorge Young
Head coachBill Parcells
Home fieldGiants Stadium (since 1976)
Local radioWNEW–AM
Results
Record14–2
Division place1st NFC East
Playoff finishWon Divisional Playoffs
(vs. 49ers) 49–3
Won NFC Championship
(vs. Redskins) 17–0
Won Super Bowl XXI
(vs. Broncos) 39–20
Pro Bowlers

The 1986 season was the New York Giants' 62nd in the National Football League (NFL) and their fourth under head coach Bill Parcells. The New York Giants, who play in the National Football Conference (NFC) of the National Football League (NFL), won their fifth championship—and first Super Bowl—in franchise history during the season. Led by consensus league Most Valuable Player (MVP) linebacker Lawrence Taylor and Super Bowl MVP quarterback Phil Simms, the Giants posted a 14–2 record during the regular season, tied for the best record in the league with the defending Super Bowl champion Chicago Bears and the best in team history.[1] The Giants improved on their 10–6 record from 1985, won their first division championship since the NFL-AFL merger in 1970, and won Super Bowl XXI against the Denver Broncos.

In the playoffs, the Giants, who were the top seed in the conference ahead of the Bears, defeated the San Francisco 49ers for the second consecutive year in the playoffs by a score of 49–3. They then disposed of their division rivals, the Washington Redskins, in the NFC Championship Game 17–0. In the Super Bowl, behind Simms' 88% pass completion percentage and their strong defense, the Giants overcame a 10–9 halftime deficit and scored thirty second-half points while allowing only ten more and defeated the Broncos 39–20.

After making the playoffs in 1984 and 1985, the Giants entered the 1986 season as one of the favorites to win the Super Bowl. They began the season with a 31–28 loss to the Dallas Cowboys, before winning five consecutive games. After losing 17–12 to the Seattle Seahawks in week seven, the Giants won their final nine regular season games. Following the regular season, coach Bill Parcells won the NFL Coach of the Year Award, and eight Giants were named to the Pro Bowl. The Giants' defense, nicknamed the Big Blue Wrecking Crew, finished second in the league in points and yards allowed.[2]

The 1986 Giants had been ranked as one of the greatest NFL teams of all time by fans,[3] and members of the media.[4][5] The Giants also ranked #12 on the 100 greatest teams of all time presented by the NFL on its 100th anniversary.[6][7] It was this Giants team that popularized the practice of the "Gatorade shower", which entailed the players dousing members of the coaching staff with Gatorade near the end of a victorious game.

Off-season

After two consecutive playoff seasons, the Giants entered the 1986 season as one of the favorites to win the Super Bowl.[8]

Draft

The Giants had five selections in the first two rounds of the 1986 NFL Draft, as opposed to the normal two, and 14 selections in the 12-round draft overall.[9] Of the draft Giants' general manager George Young said, "This is not a blue-chip draft, but a strong blue-collar draft. A lot of people think there's better quantity than quality."[10] With their first selection they chose defensive end Eric Dorsey #19 overall from the University of Notre Dame. With their four-second-round selections they chose Mark Collins, cornerback out of Cal State-Fullerton, Erik Howard, nose tackle out of Washington State University, Pepper Johnson, linebacker out of Ohio State University, and Greg Lasker, defensive back out of the University of Arkansas.[9]

1986 New York Giants draft
Round Pick Player Position College Notes
1 19 Eric Dorsey  DE Notre Dame
2 44 Mark Collins  DB Cal State-Fullerton
2 46 Erik Howard *  DT Washington State
2 51 Pepper Johnson *  LB Ohio State
2 53 Greg Lasker  DB Arkansas
3 73 John Washington  DE Oklahoma State
5 130 Vince Warren  WR San Diego State
6 139 Ron Brown  WR Colorado
6 157 Solomon Miller  WR Utah State
7 184 Jon Francis  RB Boise State
8 214 Steve Cisowski  OT Santa Clara
9 241 Jim Luebbers  DE Iowa State
10 268 Jerry Kimmel  LB Syracuse
11 295 Len Lynch  OG Maryland
      Made roster       Pro Football Hall of Fame    *   Made at least one Pro Bowl during career

[11]

Personnel

Staff

1986 New York Giants staff
Front office

Head coaches

Offensive coaches

Defensive coaches

Special teams coaches

  • Special teams – Romeo Crennel
  • Assistant special teams – Mike Sweatman

Strength and conditioning

  • Strength and conditioning – Johnny Parker

Roster

1986 New York Giants roster
Quarterbacks

Running backs

Wide receivers

Tight ends

Offensive linemen

Defensive linemen

Linebackers

Defensive backs

Special teams

Reserve lists


Practice squad

  • Vacant


Rookies in italics

[12]

Depth chart

Pre season

Schedule

Week Date Opponent Result Record Venue Attendance Recap
1 August 9 at Atlanta Falcons L 24–31 0–1 Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium 25,445 Recap
2 August 16 Green Bay Packers W 22–14 1–1 Milwaukee County Stadium 41,774 Recap
3 August 23 New York Jets W 20–16 2–1 Giants Stadium 73,882 Recap
4 August 30 Pittsburgh Steelers W 17–3 3–1 Giants Stadium 45,441 Recap

Regular season

Schedule

Week Date Opponent Result Record Venue Attendance Recap
1 September 8 at Dallas Cowboys L 28–31 0–1 Texas Stadium 59,804 Recap
2 September 14 San Diego Chargers W 20–7 1–1 Giants Stadium 74,921 Recap
3 September 21 at Los Angeles Raiders W 14–9 2–1 Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum 71,164 Recap
4 September 28 New Orleans Saints W 20–17 3–1 Giants Stadium 72,769 Recap
5 October 5 at St. Louis Cardinals W 13–6 4–1 Busch Memorial Stadium 40,562 Recap
6 October 12 Philadelphia Eagles W 35–3 5–1 Giants Stadium 74,221 Recap
7 October 19 at Seattle Seahawks L 12–17 5–2 Kingdome 62,282 Recap
8 October 27 Washington Redskins W 27–20 6–2 Giants Stadium 75,923 Recap
9 November 2 Dallas Cowboys W 17–14 7–2 Giants Stadium 74,871 Recap
10 November 9 at Philadelphia Eagles W 17–14 8–2 Veterans Stadium 60,601 Recap
11 November 16 at Minnesota Vikings W 22–20 9–2 Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome 63,003 Recap
12 November 23 Denver Broncos W 19–16 10–2 Giants Stadium 75,116 Recap
13 December 1 at San Francisco 49ers W 21–17 11–2 Candlestick Park 59,777 Recap
14 December 7 at Washington Redskins W 24–14 12–2 Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium 55,642 Recap
15 December 14 St. Louis Cardinals W 27–7 13–2 Giants Stadium 75,261 Recap
16 December 20 Green Bay Packers W 55–24 14–2 Giants Stadium 71,351 Recap

Game Officials

Pre season

Game Officials
WeekOpponentRefereeUmpireHead LinesmanLine JudgeBack JudgeSide JudgeField JudgeReplay
1
2
3
4

Regular season

Game Officials
WeekOpponentRefereeUmpireHead LinesmanLine JudgeBack JudgeSide JudgeField Judge
1 (40) Pat Haggerty(115) Hendi Ancich(85) Frank Glover(33) Howard Roe(92) Jim Poole(61) Dick Creed(75) Don Habel
2 (11) Fred Wyant(42) Dave Hamilton(17) Jerry Bergman(112) Joe Haynes(52) Ben Tompkins(108) Stan Kemp(82) Pat Mallette
3 (43) Red Cashion(78) Art Demmas(81) Dave Anderson(30) Dan Wilford(22) Paul Baetz(97) Nate Jones(84) Bob Wortman
4 (71) Bob Frederic(67) John Keck(104) Dale Hamer(83) Ron Blum(24) Roy Clymer(62) Duwayne Gandy(96) Don Hakes
5 (46) Chuck Heberling(110) Ron Botchan(65) Norm Kragseth(51) Dale Orem(98) Jimmy Rosser(64) Dave Parry(77) Don Orr
6 (9) Jerry Markbreit(117) Ben Montgomery(87) Paul Weidner(53) Bill Reynolds(25) Tom Kelleher(102) Merrill Douglas(91) Bill Stanley
7 (14) Gene Barth(101) Bob Boylston(37) Burl Toler(54) Jack Johnson(21) Pete Liske(34) Gerry Austin(113) Don Dorkowski
8 (70) Jerry Seeman(103) Rex Stuart(35) Leo Miles(15) Bama Glass(118) Tom Sifferman(20) Larry Nemmers(93) Jack Vaughan
9 (105) Dick Hantak(89) Gordon Wells(114) Tom Johnson(74) Ray Dodez(106) Al Jury(58) Bill Quinby(73) Bobby Skelton
10 (11) Fred Wyant(42) Dave Hamilton(17) Jerry Bergman(112) Joe Haynes(52) Ben Tompkins(108) Stan Kemp(82) Pat Mallette
11 (40) Pat Haggerty(115) Hendi Ancich(85) Frank Glover(33) Howard Roe(92) Jim Poole(61) Dick Creed(75) Don Habel
12 (6) Tom Dooley(57) Ed Fiffick(26) Ed Marion(94) Vern Marshall(36) Bob Moore(120) Gary Lane(18) Bob Lewis
13 (12) Ben Dreith(88) Dave Moss(8) Dale Williams(45) Ron DeSouza(28) Don Wedge(47) Tom Fincken(31) Dick Dolack
14 (43) Red Cashion(78) Art Demmas(81) Dave Anderson(30) Dan Wilford(22) Paul Baetz(97) Nate Jones(84) Bob Wortman
15 (95) Bob McElwee(27) Al Conway(111) Earnie Frantz(3) Boyce Smith(99) Banks Williams(20) Larry Nemmers(76) Ed Merrifield
16 (7) Fred Silva(110) Ron Botchan(65) Norm Kragseth(51) Dale Orem(98) Jimmy Rosser(64) Dave Parry(77) Don Orr

Game summaries

Week 1: at Dallas Cowboys

The Giants had their first test in the opening week Monday Night Football game against the defending Eastern Division champion Dallas Cowboys. Playing in front of 59,804 fans at Texas Stadium,[13] the Giants lost the opener, 31–28.[14] The teams played fairly evenly statistically; the Giants totalled 416 yards to the Cowboys' 392.[15] Highlights of the game included Cowboys running back Herschel Walker, in his first NFL game, rushing 10 times for 64 yards and the game-winning touchdown, and fellow running back Tony Dorsett scoring on a 36-yard screen pass on the game's opening drive.[13] The Giants struggled at the start of the game; they failed to get a first down on their first three drives, but their offense came alive and scored 28 points in the final three quarters.[13]

Week 1: New York Giants at Dallas Cowboys
Period 1 2 34Total
Giants (0–1) 0 14 7728
Cowboys (1–0) 0 17 01431

at Texas Stadium

  • Date: September 8, 1986
  • Game time: 9:00 p.m. EDT
  • Game weather: 71 °F (22 °C), relative humidity 71%, wind 11 mph (18 km/h)
  • Game attendance: 59,804
  • Referee: Pat Haggerty
  • TV announcers (ABC): Al Michaels (play-by-play), Frank Gifford (color commentator)
  • Box Score

Week 2: vs. San Diego Chargers

In week two, the Giants defeated the San Diego Chargers 20–7 in front of 74,921 fans at Giants Stadium.[16] The Giants led the Chargers 10–7 after three-quarters before scoring 10 in the fourth quarter to put the game out of reach.[17] Joe Morris rushed 30 times for 83 yards and defensive backs Terry Kinard and Kenny Hill intercepted two passes each.[16] Chargers quarterback Dan Fouts threw five-second half interceptions. "We took away their outside running game and their short passes", Giants' defensive coordinator Bill Belichick said.[16] "When Fouts tried to go deep, that's when we got interceptions."[16] The Giants dominated the Chargers in time of possession; 39 minutes 44 seconds to the Chargers' 20 minutes 16 seconds.[16] The Giants defense forced eight turnovers overall, and held the Chargers to 41 rushing yards on 13 carries.[17] After the game Fouts complimented the Giants defense, "There was no comparing the Giants' defense with the Dolphins' defense (the Chargers scored 50 points and totalled 500 yards against the Dolphins in week one). We never got anything established against the Giants. Momma said there would be days like this, and she was right."[16]

Week 2: San Diego Chargers at New York Giants
Period 1 2 34Total
Chargers (1–1) 0 7 007
Giants (1–1) 3 7 01020

at Giants Stadium

  • Date: September 14, 1986
  • Game time: 1:00 p.m. EDT
  • Game weather: 65 °F (18 °C), relative humidity 52%, wind 17 mph (27 km/h)
  • Game attendance: 74,921
  • Referee: Fred Wyant
  • TV announcers (NBC): Don Criqui (play-by-play), Bob Trumpy (color commentator)
  • Box Score

Week 3: at Los Angeles Raiders

The Giants played the Los Angeles Raiders in Los Angeles in week three.[18] Joe Morris rushed for 110 yards on 18 carries—the first time in 19 games someone had rushed for 100 yards against the Raiders—and the Giants' defense held the Raiders to three field goals.[18] Raiders running back Marcus Allen was held to 40 yards on 15 carries, ending his then-NFL record 11 game 100 yard rushing streak,[18] and the Giants defeated the Raiders 14–9. The Raiders gained a total of 58 rushing yards, and committed nine penalties.[19] Raiders' quarterback Jim Plunkett completed 21 of 41 passes for 281 yards, and Phil Simms threw touchdown passes of 18 and 11 yards to wide receiver Lionel Manuel.[18]

Week 3: New York Giants at Los Angeles Raiders
Period 1 2 34Total
Giants (2–1) 0 0 7714
Raiders (0–3) 6 0 039

at Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum

Week 4: vs. New Orleans Saints

The Giants rallied to beat the New Orleans Saints 20–17 in front of 72,769 fans at Giants Stadium in week four.[20] They came back from a 17–0 second-quarter deficit, by scoring 20 points in the final three-quarters.[20] Rueben Mayes of the Saints returned the second-half kickoff 99 yards for an apparent touchdown only to have the play called back because of an illegal block by linebacker Sam Mills.[20] The decisive points came on Phil Simms's 4-yard touchdown pass to tight end Zeke Mowatt midway through the fourth quarter.[20] The Giants dominated the Saints in time of possession, holding the ball for 38 minutes and 47 seconds to the Saints 21 minutes and 13 seconds.[21]

Week 4: New Orleans Saints at New York Giants
Period 1 2 34Total
Saints (1–3) 14 3 0017
Giants (3–1) 0 10 3720

at Giants Stadium

  • Date: September 28, 1986
  • Game time: 1:00 p.m. EDT
  • Game weather: 62 °F (17 °C), relative humidity 67%, wind 9 mph (14 km/h)
  • Game attendance: 72,769
  • Referee: Bob Frederic
  • TV announcers (CBS): Dick Stockton (play-by-play), Dan Dierdorf (color commentator)
  • Box Score

Week 5: at St. Louis Cardinals

The Giants faced the St. Louis Cardinals in St. Louis in their fifth game of the season.[22] The Giants offense struggled, with Morris leading the team with a meager 53 rushing yards and quarterback Phil Simms completing only 8 of 20 passes for 104 yards.[22] Mark Bavaro caught two passes and Bobby Johnson caught two as well, for 55 yards—the only passes caught by a Giants' wide receiver.[22] The game was a defensive struggle that featured 17 punts, four field goals (two by each team), and one touchdown.[22] The Giants won 13–6, and the decisive score was a 1-yard touchdown run by Joe Morris early in the third quarter.[22] The Giants defense held the Cardinals to 2.4 yards per rush attempt and 3.8 yards per pass attempt in the victory.[23]

Week 5: New York Giants at St. Louis Cardinals
Period 1 2 34Total
Giants (4–1) 0 6 7013
Cardinals (0–5) 3 0 306

at Busch Stadium

  • Date: October 5, 1986
  • Game time: 1:00 p.m. EDT
  • Game weather: 60 °F (16 °C), relative humidity 70%, wind 11 mph (18 km/h)
  • Game attendance: 40,562
  • Referee: Chuck Heberling
  • TV announcers (CBS): Gary Bender (play-by-play), Hank Stram (color commentator)
  • Box Score

Week 6: vs. Philadelphia Eagles

In week six, the Giants hosted the Eagles at the Meadowlands.[24] Linebacker Harry Carson scored his first career touchdown by catching a pass on a fake field goal in the third quarter, and the Giants defense sacked Eagles' quarterbacks Ron Jaworski and Randall Cunningham three times each.[24] The Giants won 35–3; their largest margin of victory since they defeated the Seattle Seahawks, 32–0, in 1981.[24] The Giants defense held the Eagles to 58 total yards,[25] and Lawrence Taylor had four sacks and seven tackles. The sack total was Taylor's highest single game total since the 1984 season.[24] The Giants dominated in time of possession; they held the ball for 39 minutes and 33 seconds to the Eagles 20 minutes and 27 seconds.[25] Simms completed 20 of 29 passes for 214 yards and two touchdowns and ran for another touchdown.[24]

Week 6: Philadelphia Eagles at New York Giants
Period 1 2 34Total
Eagles (2–4) 0 3 003
Giants (5–1) 0 14 14735

at Giants Stadium

Week 7: at Seattle Seahawks

The Giants allowed six sacks in their week seven 17–12 loss to the Seattle Seahawks.[26] Seahawks defensive end Jacob Green outplayed offensive tackle Karl Nelson and recorded a career-high four sacks.[26] Phil Simms threw four interceptions but coach Bill Parcells denied he was struggling, "[y]ou'd like not to take a sack in the scoring zone, but sometimes it's hard to know when to throw it away. Two of Phil's interceptions were rebounds that had nothing to do with the quarterback. On the interception on fourth and 14 at the end, he was trying to make a play. I think I would have thrown there, too. The other interception was his mistake. I don't think he's in a slump."[27]

Week 7: New York Giants at Seattle Seahawks
Period 1 2 34Total
Giants (5–2) 0 9 0312
Seahawks (5–2) 7 0 3717

at Kingdome

Week 8: vs. Washington Redskins

The Giants improved to 6-2 and moved into a tie with Washington for the division lead after defeating them on the same night the New York Mets won the 1986 World Series at Shea Stadium. Fans attending the football game brought portable televisions and spent much of the time reacting to the baseball game, leading to a Redskins false start in one instance.[28] With the teams tied 20–20, Joe Morris scored the game-winning touchdown on a 13-yard run with 98 seconds remaining.[28] The Giants offense featured a two tight end formation throughout much of the game which allowed them to run the ball more effectively.[29] The Giants used Mark Bavaro and Zeke Mowatt throughout much of the game, sometimes even lining them up on the same side.[29] Morris finished the game with 181 yards.[30] Redskins quarterback Jay Schroeder threw for 420 yards in the loss.[31]

Week 8: Washington Redskins at New York Giants
Period 1 2 34Total
Redskins (6–2) 0 3 14320
Giants (6–2) 3 10 7727

at Giants Stadium

  • Date: October 27, 1986
  • Game time: 9:00 p.m. EST
  • Game weather: 52 °F (11 °C), relative humidity 97%, wind 14 mph (23 km/h)
  • Game attendance: 75,923
  • Referee: Jerry Seeman
  • TV announcers (ABC): Al Michaels (play-by-play), Frank Gifford (color commentator)
  • Box Score

Week 9: vs. Dallas Cowboys

The Giants played the Cowboys at Giants Stadium in week nine.[32] Defensive end George Martin recorded a late sack, termed by head coach Bill Parcells as the biggest play of the game, to help the Giants to a 17–14 victory.[32] The Giants held running backs Tony Dorsett to 45 yards in 10 carries and Herschel Walker to 34 yards in 10 carries.[32] The Cowboys outgained the Giants 408 to 245 in total yardage, and had 25 first downs compared with the Giants' 14.[33] Phil Simms struggled and completed only 6 of 18 passes for 67 yards,[34] but Joe Morris rushed 29 times for 181 yards and two touchdowns as the Giants improved to 7–2.[32]

Week 9: Dallas Cowboys at New York Giants
Period 1 2 34Total
Cowboys (6–3) 0 7 0714
Giants (7–2) 3 7 0717

at Giants Stadium

  • Date: November 2, 1986
  • Game time: 1:00 p.m. EST
  • Game weather: 59 °F (15 °C), relative humidity 83%, wind 14 mph (23 km/h)
  • Game attendance: 74,871
  • Referee: Dick Hantak
  • TV announcers (CBS): Pat Summerall (play-by-play), John Madden (color commentator)
  • Box Score

Week 10: at Philadelphia Eagles

In week 10, the Giants then travelled to Philadelphia to play the Eagles.[35] In a physical game marked by several scuffles,[36] the Giants passing game struggled as several receivers played with injuries, and quarterback Phil Simms completed only one pass to a wide receiver; a 17-yarder to Solomon Miller.[35] Coach Bill Parcells placed the blame for the passing game's performance on dropped passes by the receivers. "You can't throw the ball much better than Phil did yesterday", commented Parcells. "But he didn't have the numbers to show for it."[35] The Eagles rushed for 153 yards and outgained the Giants 265 to 237 in total yards.[37] The Giants won 17–14 nonetheless despite Simms completing only 14 of 36 passes overall. The Giants rode their running attack as Joe Morris passed the 100 yard mark for the fourth consecutive game; Morris totalled 116, 181, 181 and 111 yards in that period.[35] Lawrence Taylor recorded three sacks of the Giants defense seven sacks in the victory.[36]

Week 10: New York Giants at Philadelphia Eagles
Period 1 2 34Total
Giants (8–2) 0 10 7017
Eagles (3–7) 0 0 01414

at Veterans Stadium

  • Date: November 9, 1986
  • Game time: 4:00 p.m. EST
  • Game weather: 64 °F (18 °C), relative humidity 93%, wind 12 mph (19 km/h)
  • Game attendance: 60,601
  • Referee: Fred Wyant
  • TV announcers (CBS): Pat Summerall (play-by-play), John Madden (color commentator)
  • Box Score

Week 11: at Minnesota Vikings

Trailing the Minnesota Vikings 20–19 with 72 seconds left in the fourth quarter at the Metrodome in week 11, Phil Simms completed a desperate 22-yard pass on fourth and 17 to Bobby Johnson for a first down.[38][39] The completion led to Raúl Allegre's fifth field goal and an important Giants victory 22–20.[34] In the Giants' three previous games, Simms had completed only six passes to wide receivers. In the Giants' victory he completed eight to wide receivers, four to tight end Mark Bavaro and 13 to his running backs—four to Ottis Anderson in the final two drives, three to Maurice Carthon, three to Joe Morris and three to Tony Galbreath.[34] Simms commented years later, "[i]t's my favorite game in my career, because it's everything I always wanted to be as a player. I wanted to be tough, making big throws, immune to pressure, not worried about outcomes. It was truly like standing on the tee box in golf and there's trees on each side and water and you just go 'Man, I'm gonna rip it down the middle.' And no other thought crosses your mind."[40] The game has frequently been credited as a signature game of their season, and the Giants players celebrated the victory in the tunnel leading to their locker room and in the locker room itself in a raucous manner that was highly atypical for the team. "They high-fived themselves silly", recalled Peter King. "They were screaming and hooting and raising hell—happier than they had been all year."[38]

Week 11: New York Giants at Minnesota Vikings
Period 1 2 34Total
Giants (9–2) 3 6 31022
Vikings (6–5) 3 3 7720

at Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome

Week 12: vs. Denver Broncos

In week 12, in what would turn out to be a preview of Super Bowl XXI, veteran defensive end George Martin (at 34 the oldest player on the team[39]) intercepted a pass from Denver Broncos quarterback John Elway and returned it 78 yards for a touchdown before being tackled from behind in the end zone by a celebrating Lawrence Taylor.[39] Then in the final two minutes of the game, Simms hit fan–favorite Phil McConkey for a 46-yard pass.[39] This led to another game-winning kick from Allegre as the Giants defeated Denver 19–16 in front of 75,116 fans at Giants Stadium.[39] With the victory the Giants completed their second five-game winning streak of the season, several of them in close contests; the margin of victory in those five games was 7, 3, 3, 2, and 3 points.[39]

Week 12: Denver Broncos at New York Giants
Period 1 2 34Total
Broncos (9–3) 3 3 3716
Giants (10–2) 0 10 3619

at Giants Stadium

  • Date: November 23, 1986
  • Game time: 1:00 p.m. EST
  • Game weather: 43 °F (6 °C), relative humidity 70%, wind 10 mph (16 km/h)
  • Game attendance: 75,116
  • Referee: Tom Dooley
  • TV announcers (NBC): Dick Enberg (play-by-play), Merlin Olsen (color commentator)
  • Box Score

Week 13: at San Francisco 49ers

In a Monday night encounter at San Francisco in week 13, the Giants overcame a 17–0 halftime deficit to Joe Montana's 49ers en route to a 21–17 victory.[41] In the win, Simms threw for nearly 400 yards and wide receiver Stacy Robinson made an acrobatic catch at the goalline to set up the winning touchdown.[41] Another important play also occurred during that Monday Night Football game. Here is a description of the play taken from a Monday Night Football broadcast in 2005: "On Dec. 1 1986, New York Giants tight end Mark Bavaro cements his reputation as one of the toughest men in the NFL. With the Giants trailing, Bavaro catches an innocent pass from Phil Simms over the middle. It takes nearly seven 49ers defenders to finally drag him down, some of which are carried for almost 20 yards, including future Hall of Famer Ronnie Lott. Bavaro's inspiring play jump starts the Giants, who win the game and eventually the Super Bowl."[42]

Week 13: New York Giants at San Francisco 49ers
Period 1 2 34Total
Giants (11–2) 0 0 21021
49ers (7–5–1) 3 14 0017

at Candlestick Park

  • Date: December 1, 1986
  • Game time: 9:00 p.m. EST
  • Game weather: 51 °F (11 °C), relative humidity 69%, wind 8 mph (13 km/h)
  • Game attendance: 59,777
  • Referee: Ben Dreith
  • TV announcers (ABC): Al Michaels (play-by-play), Frank Gifford (color commentator)
  • Box Score

Week 14: at Washington Redskins

The Giants defeated the Redskins 24–14 in week 14 to move into sole possession of first place in the NFC East.[30] The Redskins held Joe Morris, who had rushed for 181 yards in the Giants week eight victory, to 62 yards on 22 carries.[30] However, Lawrence Taylor recorded three sacks and harassed Redskins' quarterback Jay Schroeder all game, as the Giants recorded four sacks and the Redskins only recorded one.[30] Phil Simms threw touchdown passes to Mark Bavaro, Bobby Johnson, and Phil McConkey in the victory.[43] Schroeder threw six interceptions in the game, matching Sammy Baugh's franchise record,[30] and the Redskins had 7 turnovers overall.[44] After the game, Parcells gave the Redskins credit for their performance and told the reporters that he had a feeling that the two would meet again sometime in the playoffs.

Week 14: New York Giants at Washington Redskins
Period 1 2 34Total
Giants (12–2) 0 14 10024
Redskins (11–3) 0 7 0714

at RFK Stadium

Week 15: vs. St. Louis Cardinals

The Giants defeated the St. Louis Cardinals 27–7 in their fifteenth game of the season in front of 75,261 fans at Giants Stadium.[45] Joe Morris ran for 179 yards and three touchdowns, but had three fumbles.[45] Phil Simms struggled, but the offense was effective nonetheless;[45] of the Giants 313 total yards, 252 came on the ground, while only 62 came from the passing game.[46] The Giants defense controlled the Cardinals throughout the game, particularly in the first half; the Cardinals' first four possessions ended in third-down sacks and fourth-down punts.[45] The Giants committed only two penalties for a total of ten yards,[46] and their defense set a franchise record with nine sacks, despite sending Lawrence Taylor into pass coverage for most of the game.[45] With the victory the Giants clinched their first NFC East division crown.

Week 15: St. Louis Cardinals at New York Giants
Period 1 2 34Total
Cardinals (3–11–1) 0 0 077
Giants (13–2) 7 10 3727

at Giants Stadium

  • Date: December 14, 1986
  • Game time: 1:00 p.m. EST
  • Game weather: 26 °F (−3 °C), relative humidity 46%, wind 14 mph (23 km/h), wind chill 14 °F (−10 °C)
  • Game attendance: 75,261
  • Referee: Bob McElwee
  • TV announcers (CBS): Jack Buck (play-by-play), Joe Theismann (color commentator)
  • Box Score

Week 16: vs. Green Bay Packers

The Giants headed into their final regular season game against the Green Bay Packers as 11½-point favorites and needed a victory to secure homefield advantage throughout the playoffs.[47] Sparked by a blocked punt returned for a TD by Tom Flynn, who had recently been picked up from the Packers, the Giants defeated the Packers 55–24 in front of 71,351 fans at Giants Stadium to finish the regular season with a franchise record 14 victories.[48] The win was the Giants' ninth consecutive, matching the team record set in 1962.[48] The Giants also set a franchise record for points in the first quarter of a game with 21.[48] Although the Packers cut the score to 24–17 at halftime, the Giants scored 31-second half points to put the game out of reach.

Week 16: Green Bay Packers at New York Giants
Period 1 2 34Total
Packers (4–12) 0 17 7024
Giants (14–2) 21 3 141755

at Giants Stadium

Scoring summary
Quarter Time Drive Team Scoring information Score
Plays Yards TOP Packers Giants
1 8:25 Giants Bavaro 24-yard touchdown reception from Simms, Allegre kick good 0 7
1 7:23 Giants Flynn returned blocked punt 36 yards for a touchdown, Allegre kick good 0 14
1 0:38 Giants Morris 3-yard touchdown run, Allegre kick good 0 21
2 8:08 Giants 46-yard field goal by Allegre 0 24
2 4:11 Packers Ivery 13-yard touchdown reception from Wright, Del Greco kick good 7 24
2 2:52 Packers Interception returned 58 yards for touchdown by Stills, Del Greco kick good 14 24
2 0:42 Packers 46-yard field goal by Del Greco 17 24
3 8:20 Giants Bavaro 4-yard touchdown reception from Simms, Allegre kick good 17 31
3 6:38 Packers Davis 15-yard touchdown reception from Wright, Del Greco kick good 24 31
3 1:42 Giants Mowatt 22-yard touchdown reception from Simms, Allegre kick good 24 38
4 14:48 Giants Rouson 10-yard touchdown run, Allegre kick good 24 45
4 7:09 Giants Rouson 21-yard touchdown run, Allegre kick good 24 52
4 2:07 Giants 26-yard field goal by Allegre 24 55
"TOP" = time of possession. For other American football terms, see Glossary of American football. 24 55

Standings

NFC East
W L T PCT DIV CONF PF PA STK
New York Giants(1) 14 2 0 .875 7–1 11–1 371 236 W9
Washington Redskins(4) 12 4 0 .750 5–3 9–3 368 296 W1
Dallas Cowboys 7 9 0 .438 5–3 6–6 346 337 L5
Philadelphia Eagles 5 10 1 .344 1–6–1 3–8–1 256 312 L1
St. Louis Cardinals 4 11 1 .281 1–6–1 3–10–1 218 351 W1

Playoffs

Schedule

Playoff Round Date Opponent (seed) Result Record Venue Attendance Game
recap
NFC Wild Card First-round bye
NFC Divisional January 4, 1987San Francisco 49ers (3)W 49–31–0Giants Stadium
76,034
N/A
NFC Championship January 11, 1987 Washington Redskins (4)W 17– 02–0Giants Stadium
76,633
N/A
Super Bowl XXI January 25, 1987 Denver Broncos (A2) W 39–20 3–0 Rose Bowl
101,063
N/A

Post season Game Officials

Game Officials
WeekOpponentRefereeUmpireHead LinesmanLine JudgeBack JudgeSide JudgeField JudgeReplayAlternate
NFC Wild Card First-round bye
NFC Divisional (9) Jerry Markbreit(78) Art Demmas(109) Sid Semon(59) Bob Beeks(24) Roy Clymer(61) Dick Creed(18) Bob Lewis
NFC Championship (40) Pat Haggerty(115) Hendi Ancich(8) Dale Williams(54) Jack Johnson(21) Pete Liske(34) Gerry Austin(93) Jack Vaughan(6) Tom Dooley
Super Bowl XXI (9) Jerry Markbreit(101) Bob Boylston(72) Terry Gierke(59) Bob Beeks(92) Jim Poole(90) Gil Mace(82) Pat Mallette(115) Hendi Ancich

NFC Divisional Playoffs: vs. San Francisco 49ers

The Giants defeated the San Francisco 49ers 49–3 in their opening playoff game.[49] Favored by only three points, the Giants caught a break when 49ers WR Jerry Rice fumbled an apparent touchdown catch-and-carry off his knee early in the game, then dominated the Niners the rest of the way. Their defense held the 49ers to 29 yards rushing, 184 yards in total offense, and 2 of 14 on third-down conversions.[49] The Giants did not commit a turnover and totalled 216 rushing yards.[50] Jim Burt knocked 49ers quarterback Joe Montana out of the game in the second quarter, hitting him as he threw a pass which Lawrence Taylor intercepted and returned the pick 34 yards for a touchdown. The Giants defense also held the 49ers to only nine first downs, and 15 of 37 passing for zero touchdowns and three interceptions.[50]

1986 NFC Divisional Playoff: San Francisco 49ers at New York Giants
Period 1 2 34Total
49ers (10–6–1) 3 0 003
Giants (15–2) 7 21 21049

at Giants Stadium

NFC Championship: vs. Washington Redskins

With wind gusts reaching 33 miles per hour (53 km/h), coach Bill Parcells chose to take the wind when his team won the opening coin toss of the Giants' NFC Championship Game against the Washington Redskins.[51] With the wind at their backs the Giants scored 10 first quarter points while the Redskins managed only two first downs.[51] The Redskins were forced to punt three times in the quarter, and the wind limited those punts to 23, 27, and 24 yards.[52] The Redskins launched a drive behind Jay Schroeder's 48-yard completion to wide receiver Art Monk in the second quarter. However, after the Redskins botched the field goal snap on a 51-yard field goal attempt, the Giants drove for a touchdown with the wind in their face to make the score 17–0 at halftime.[51] The Giants defense dominated the second half, and both teams went scoreless to make the final score 17–0. Schroeder completed only 20 of 50 passes for a meager 3.8 yards per attempt.[51] Keys to the victory were tackle Brad Benson's neutralizing of Redskins pass rusher Dexter Manley, who had 18.5 sacks on the season, and the team's defense.[53] After the game, John Madden remarked: "Last year, I thought the Bears had the best defense I had ever seen. But in the last two weeks, I feel these Giants have as good a defense as has ever played in this league."[53]

1986 NFC Championship Game: Washington Redskins at New York Giants
Period 1 2 34Total
Redskins (14–5) 0 0 000
Giants (16–2) 10 7 0017

at Giants Stadium

  • Date: January 11, 1987
  • Game time: 4:00 p.m. EST
  • Game weather: 39 °F (4 °C), relative humidity 80%, wind 22 mph (35 km/h), wind chill 29 °F (−2 °C)
  • Game attendance: 76,633
  • Referee: Pat Haggerty
  • TV announcers (CBS): Pat Summerall (play-by-play), John Madden (color commentator), Irv Cross (sideline reporter)
  • Box Score

Super Bowl XXI: vs. Denver Broncos

The Giants played the Denver Broncos in Super Bowl XXI in front of 101,063 fans at the Rose Bowl.[54] After the Broncos' Rich Karlis kicked a 48-yard field goal on the game's opening drive, the Giants took the lead with a 78-yard touchdown scoring drive, led by quarterback Phil Simms's 6-for-6 passing.[55] The Broncos scored on a 4-yard quarterback draw by John Elway to make the score 10–7 at the end of the first quarter.[55] Although the two teams' quarterbacks combined to complete all 13 passes attempted in the second quarter,[56] the only score came when Giants' defensive end George Martin sacked Elway in the endzone for a safety to make the score 10–9.[57]

A turning point of the game came on the first possession of the second half. The Giants received the second half kickoff, and led a short drive that stalled at their own 47-yard line.[55] On fourth and 1, the Giants lined up in a punt formation before shifting to a traditional set.[55] Second string quarterback Jeff Rutledge then looked over to Parcells for a signal as to whether he should try to draw the defense offside or run a play. After a nod of approval from Parcells, he ran a quarterback sneak for a first down.[58] The Giants scored on the drive, and built a 39–13 lead before a late touchdown by the Broncos made the final score 39–20.[55] Simms threw touchdown passes to Mark Bavaro and Phil McConkey to give him three on the game, and Joe Morris and Ottis Anderson each rushed for one touchdown.[55] The Giants' defense limited the Broncos to only two net yards and 10 offensive plays in the third quarter.[57] The 30-second half points set a Super Bowl-record for points in a half, and Simms was named MVP after completing 22 of 25 (88%) of his passes—a Super Bowl record which still stands.[54][57]

Super Bowl XXI: Denver Broncos vs. New York Giants
Period 1 2 34Total
Broncos (13–6) 10 0 01020
Giants (17–2) 7 2 171339

at Rose Bowl, Pasadena, California

Postseason honors

Following the season eight Giants—tight end Mark Bavaro, offensive lineman Brad Benson, nose tackle Jim Burt, linebackers Lawrence Taylor and Harry Carson, punter Sean Landeta, running back Morris, and defensive end Leonard Marshall—were selected to the Pro Bowl.[59] Taylor, who recorded a league-leading 20.5 sacks, became one of just two defensive players to win the NFL Most Valuable Player award and the only defensive player to win the award unanimously.[60][61] Taylor also won his record third Defensive Player of the Year Award and coach Bill Parcells won his first NFL Coach of the Year Award.

Stats

Passing

Passing
PlayerGGSQBrecCmpAttCmp%YdsTDTD%IntInt%LngY/AAY/AY/CY/GRate

Rushing

Rushing
PlayerGGSAttYdsTDLngY/AY/GA/G

Receiving

Receiving
PlayerGGSRecYdsY/RTDLngR/GY/G

Kicking

Kicking
PlayerGGS0–1920–2930–3940–4950+FGMFGAFG%XPMXPAXP%

Punting

Punting
PlayerGGSPntYdsLngBlckY/P

Kick Return

Kick Return
PlayerGGSRtYdsTDLngY/RT

Punt Return

Punt Return
PlayerGGSRetYdsTDLngY/R

Defense & Fumbles

Scoring Summary

Scoring Summary
PlayerGGSRshTDRecTDPR TDKR TDFblTDIntTDOthTDAllTD2PM2PAXPMXPAFGMFGASftyPts

Team

Team Stats
PlayerPFYdsPlyY/PTOFL1stDPass CmpPass AttPass YdsPass TDIntNY/APass 1stDRush AttRush YdsRush TDY/ARush 1stDPenYds1stPy

Quarter-by-quarter

Quarter-by-quarter
1234OTT
Giants40130106950371
Opponents398437760236

Gatorade shower

It was these 1986 Giants that popularized the football tradition of dousing the head coach with a cooler of Gatorade near the end of a victorious game.[62][63] This originated in 1984 when Jim Burt, incensed by what he thought was mistreatment he received during practice, exacted revenge on Bill Parcells by dumping a cooler of Gatorade on him.[63] Lawrence Taylor and Harry Carson later picked up on the ploy and would often sneak up on Coach Parcells near the end of games to dump the remaining Gatorade over his head. The dousing was a big hit with fans, and the Gatorade dumping continued throughout the season after each win, with Taylor, Carson, and several other players (Burt had since ceased doing it) concocting increasingly elaborate, sneaky, and playful ruses, so as to at least attempt to keep the inevitable dousing a surprise.[64][65]

Historical ranking

The 1986 New York Giants are considered one of the greatest NFL teams of all time, being recognized by the NFL Films series America's Game as the 13th greatest Super Bowl Champion, as well as being selected as the eighth greatest NFL team of all time by readers in a "Page 2" article on ESPN.com.[3] In 2010, the team was tied for fifth in ESPN.com's NFL Super League, a project that ranked the 16 greatest NFL Super Bowl winning teams using computer simulations of a season of play between these teams,[4] and were ranked eighth in The Ultimate Super Rankings, a 2007 ESPN ranking of the top 80 Super Bowl era NFL teams.[5]

Season facts

  • The Giants beat the Redskins three times in one season twice in the regular season and once in the playoffs. This was the third time that a team won three games in season against the same opponent. (1982 Dolphins-Jets and 1983 Seahawks-Raiders)
  • During the season, the Giants honored the memories of two of their former players on their uniforms. A helmet sticker with the number 38 was added to the uniforms after John Tuggle, a former running back the Giants selected as the final pick of the 1983 draft, died of angiosarcoma in August 1986. After former defensive back and two-time Pro Bowler Spider Lockhart died of lymphoma in July 1986, a patch with Lockhart's nickname and number were added to the jerseys and the Giants wore both the sticker and the jersey patch the whole season.

Awards and honors

See also

References

  1. as of 2012
  2. 1986 NFL Opposition & Defensive Statistics, footballreference.com. accessed October 7, 2010.
  3. 1 2 Readers: Greatest NFL team, espn.com. accessed October 7, 2010.
  4. 1 2 1986 New York Giants Archived September 20, 2010, at the Wayback Machine, espn.com. accessed October 7, 2010.
  5. 1 2 Kevin Jackson; Thomas Neumann; David Schoenfield (January 20, 2007). "The Ultimate Super Rankings". ESPN. Retrieved October 7, 2010.
  6. "NFL Top 100 Teams". Pro Football Reference.
  7. "100 Greatest Teams: Numbers 100-1 SUPERCUT". NFL.com.
  8. McClain, John. Looking ahead/The Bears appear to be an easy pick to repeat, but the Orange is ready to apply a Giant Crush, Houston Chronicle, September 4, 1986. accessed March 28, 2007.
  9. 1 2 Draft History: New York Giants Archived May 31, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, NFL.com/history, accessed May 17, 2007.
  10. Litsky, Frank. Jets and Giants Study Picks; Trades Could Change Options in Early Rounds, The New York Times, April 27, 1986, accessed June 3, 2011.
  11. The Football Database. Retrieved 2014-Jul-06.
  12. "1986 New York Giants starters and roster". Pro-Football-Reference.com. Retrieved November 12, 2014.
  13. 1 2 3 Litsky, Frank. Cowboys Defeat Giants on Walker's Touchdown, The New York Times, September 9, 1986, accessed May 17, 2007.
  14. 1986 New York Giants Archived April 10, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, databasefootball.com. accessed March 16, 2007.
  15. Box Score Giants Vs Cowboys 9/8/1986 Archived May 26, 2006, at the Wayback Machine, databasefootball.com, accessed May 20, 2007.
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Litsky, Frank. Giants' Defense Stifles Chargers, The New York Times, September 15, 1986, accessed May 17, 2007.
  17. 1 2 Box Score Chargers Vs Giants 9/14/1986 Archived February 9, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, databasefootball.com, accessed May 20, 2007.
  18. 1 2 3 4 Litsky, Frank. Giants Stop Raiders, The New York Times, September 22, 1986, accessed May 17, 2007.
  19. Box Score Giants Vs Raiders Archived May 26, 2006, at the Wayback Machine, databasefootball.com, accessed May 20, 2007.
  20. 1 2 3 4 Litsky, Frank. Giants' Rally to Beat Saints, 20–17, The New York Times, September 29, 1986, accessed May 17, 2007.
  21. Box Score Giants Vs Saints 9/28/1986 Archived May 26, 2006, at the Wayback Machine, databasefootball.com, accessed May 17, 2007.
  22. 1 2 3 4 5 Janofsky, Michael. Giants Triumph; Jets Win on Pass in Final Minute; Cardinals Lose, 13–6, The New York Times, October 6, 1986, accessed May 17, 2007.
  23. Box Score Giants Vs Cardinals 10/5/1986 Archived May 26, 2006, at the Wayback Machine, databasefootball.com, accessed May 17, 2007.
  24. 1 2 3 4 5 Janofsky, Michael. Giants rout Eagles, The New York Times, October 13, 1986, accessed May 17, 2007.
  25. 1 2 Box Score Eagles Vs Giants 10/12/1986 Archived February 18, 2010, at the Wayback Machine, databasefootball.com, accessed May 20, 2007.
  26. 1 2 Seahawks win in Trenches, The New York Times, October 20, 1986, accessed May 17, 2007.
  27. Litsky, Frank. Giants are seeking to Mend Offense, The New York Times, October 21, 1986, accessed May 17, 2007.
  28. 1 2 Listky, Frank. Giants defeat Redskins and Tie for Lead, The New York Times, October 28, 1986, accessed May 17, 2007.
  29. 1 2 Janofsky, Michael. 2 Tight-End Setup Helps Giants Win, The New York Times, October 28, 1986, accessed May 17, 2007.
  30. 1 2 3 4 5 Janofsky, Michael. Alone at the Top: Giants Knock Out Redskins, 24–14; All Goes Wrong for Washington, The New York Times, December 8, 1986, accessed May 17, 2007.
  31. Litsky, Frank. Giants Were Winners in Battle of Wits, The New York Times, December 9, 1986, accessed May 17, 2007.
  32. 1 2 3 4 Litsky, Frank. The Beat Gets Stronger for Jets (8–1) and Giants (7–2), The New York Times, November 3, 1986, accessed May 17, 2007.
  33. Box Score Cowboys Vs Giants 11/2/1986 Archived May 26, 2006, at the Wayback Machine, databasefootball.com, accessed May 17, 2007.
  34. 1 2 3 Anderson, Dave. Sports Of The Times; Phil Simms's Biggest Pass, The New York Times, November 17, 1986. accessed March 20, 2007.
  35. 1 2 3 4 Litsky, Frank Jets Stay in Air; Giants Grounded; Robinson Gets Better, November 11, 1986, accessed May 17, 2007.
  36. 1 2 Litsky, Frank. Giants Put a Clamp on Eagles, The New York Times, November 10, 1986, accessed May 18, 2007.
  37. Box Score Giants Vs Eagles 11/9/1986 Archived September 20, 2006, at the Wayback Machine, databasefootball.com, accessed May 20, 2007.
  38. 1 2 Pooley. pg. 29
  39. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Litsky, Frank. Giants At 10–2; Redskins Stay Even; Allegre Kick At :006 Tops Broncos, The New York Times, November 24, 1986. accessed March 20, 2007.
  40. Schwartz. pg. 161
  41. 1 2 Litsky, Frank. One Quarter buys playoff ticket for Giants, The New York Times, December 2, 1986. accessed March 26, 2007.
  42. MNF 36: The List Monday Night Football Special (Original Air Date: Aug. 25, 2005), ESPN.com. accessed January 3, 2007.
  43. Anderson, Dave. Sports of the Times; Another Day in Surgery, The New York Times, December 8, 1986, accessed May 17, 2007.
  44. Box Score Giants Vs Redskins 12/7/1986 Archived May 26, 2006, at the Wayback Machine, databasefootball.com, accessed May 17, 2007.
  45. 1 2 3 4 5 Litsky, Frank. Giants Keep Rolling Around, The New York Times, December 15, 1986, accessed May 17, 2007.
  46. 1 2 Box Score Cardinal Vs Giants 12/14/1986 Archived November 22, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, databasefootball.com, accessed May 20, 2007.
  47. Litsky, Frank. Giants Seek Edge for Playoffs, The New York Times, December 20, 1986, accessed May 17, 2007.
  48. 1 2 3 Litsky, Frank. Giants Stay Home for Playoffs, The New York Times, December 21, 1986, accessed May 17, 2007.
  49. 1 2 Litsky, Frank. Giants Roll Over 49ers and on to N.F.C. Final, The New York Times, January 5, 1987. accessed March 25, 2008.
  50. 1 2 Box Score 49ers Vs Giants 1/4/1987 Archived May 26, 2006, at the Wayback Machine, databasefootball.com, accessed May 20, 2007.
  51. 1 2 3 4 Neft, Cohn, and Korch. pg. 844
  52. Pervin. pg 84
  53. 1 2 Pooley. pg. 28
  54. 1 2 Championship Games 1950–present Archived March 17, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, giants.com, accessed May 20, 2007.
  55. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Neft, Cohen, and Korch. pg. 845
  56. Zimmerman, Paul. Killer Giants, Sports Illustrated, February 2, 1987, available online via sportsillustrated.cnn.com, accessed May 22, 2007.
  57. 1 2 3 Super Bowl XXI New York 39, Denver 20 Archived May 2, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, NFL.com/history, accessed May 17, 2007.
  58. Pervin. pg. 85
  59. Litsky, Frank. 8 Giants and 2 Jets are Named to Play in the Pro Bowl, The New York Times, December 8, 1986, accessed May 17, 2007.
  60. Charles, Nick. Taylor made: 'L.T.' has a date with Canton, destiny, sportsillustrated.cnn.com, August 12, 1999, accessed May 18, 2007. Note: Taylor is still the only defensive player to win the award unanimously, as he is the last defensive player to win it.
  61. Lawrence Taylor, infoplease.com, accessed May 18, 2007.
    * Sprechman and Shannon. pg. 13
  62. Almanac 1987 Archived April 27, 2005, at the Wayback Machine, espn.com. accessed April 17, 2007.
  63. 1 2 Farmer, Sam. Origins of Gatorade dunking revealed, The Washington Post, September 23, 2003. accessed April 17, 2007.
  64. Litsky, Frank. Giants Video: Thrills, Spills and a Finale with 101,000 Extras, The New York Times, February 12, 1987. accessed March 25, 2008.
  65. Rovell, Darren. How the dunk was born, espn.com, accessed May 20, 2007.

Sources

  • Neft, David S., Cohen, Richard M., and Korch, Rick. The Complete History of Professional Football from 1892 to the Present. New York: St. Martin's Press. 1994 ISBN 0-312-11435-4
  • Pervin, Lawrence A. Football's New York Giants: A History. McFarland 2009 ISBN 0-7864-4268-9
  • Pooley, Eric. True Blue, New York, New York Media LLC, January 26, 1987, issue ISSN 0028-7369 (available online)
  • Schwartz, John. Tales from the New York Giants Sideline, Sports Publishing LLC, 2004 ISBN 1-58261-758-9
  • Sprechman, Jordan and Shannon, Bill. This Day in New York Sports, Illinois: Sports Publishing LLC. 1998 ISBN 1-57167-254-0
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