The 1978 NASCAR Grand National Winston Cup Series was the 30th season of professional stock car racing in the United States and the 7th modern era NASCAR Cup series. The season began on Sunday, January 22 and ended on Sunday, November 19. Cale Yarborough driving the Junior Johnson #11 First National City Travelers Checks Oldsmobile won his then record third consecutive NASCAR Grand National Winston Cup Winston Cup. Ronnie Thomas was crowned NASCAR Rookie of the Year in a tight battle with Roger Hamby.

Season recap

DateEventCircuitWinner
January 22Winston Western 500Riverside International RacewayCale Yarborough
February 19Daytona 500Daytona International SpeedwayBobby Allison
February 26Richmond 400Richmond Fairgrounds RacewayBenny Parsons
March 5Carolina 500North Carolina SpeedwayDavid Pearson
March 19Atlanta 500Atlanta International RacewayBobby Allison
April 2Southeastern 400Bristol International RacewayDarrell Waltrip
April 9Rebel 500Darlington RacewayBenny Parsons
April 16Gwyn Staley 400North Wilkesboro SpeedwayDarrell Waltrip
April 23Virginia 500Martinsville SpeedwayDarrell Waltrip
May 14Winston 500Alabama International Motor SpeedwayCale Yarborough
May 21Mason-Dixon 500Dover Downs International SpeedwayDavid Pearson
May 28World 600Charlotte Motor SpeedwayDarrell Waltrip
June 3Music City USA 420Nashville SpeedwayCale Yarborough
June 11Riverside 400Riverside International RacewayBenny Parsons
June 18Cam 2 Motor Oil 400Michigan International SpeedwayCale Yarborough
July 4Firecracker 400Daytona International SpeedwayDavid Pearson
July 15Nashville 420Nashville SpeedwayCale Yarborough
July 30Coca-Cola 500Pocono RacewayDarrell Waltrip
August 6Talladega 500Alabama International Motor SpeedwayLennie Pond
August 20Champion Spark Plug 400Michigan International SpeedwayDavid Pearson
August 26Volunteer 400Bristol International RacewayCale Yarborough
September 4Southern 500Darlington RacewayCale Yarborough
September 10Capital City 400Richmond Fairgrounds RacewayDarrell Waltrip
September 17Delaware 500Dover Downs International SpeedwayBobby Allison
September 24Old Dominion 500Martinsville SpeedwayCale Yarborough
October 1Wilkes 400North Wilkesboro SpeedwayCale Yarborough
October 8National 500Charlotte Motor SpeedwayBobby Allison
October 22American 500North Carolina SpeedwayCale Yarborough
November 5Dixie 500Atlanta International RacewayDonnie Allison
November 19Los Angeles Times 500Ontario Motor SpeedwayBobby Allison

Notable races

  • Winston Western 500 - NASCAR banned the Chevrolet Laguna S3 racecar but also allowed Chevrolet engines to be used in other General Motors brands; as a result teams were fielding Monte Carlos, Chevrolet Malibus, Buick Centuries, and Oldsmobile Cutlasses. The Oldsmobile brand reached its first win since 1959 as Cale Yarborough drove Junior Johnson's Olds to the win. Bobby Allison, making his debut in Bud Moore's Ford, fell out after 40 laps, while Richard Petty finished 16th after rearend failure; Petty was driving the 1974 Dodge Charger for the final time as the car's Winston Cup Grand National eligibility ended after this race.
  • Daytona 125s - The two qualifying races for the Daytona 500 were the first superspeedway test of the new 1977-78 model racecars now eligible for NASCAR competition. Preseason testing had exposed serious stability issues with the cars, particularly the Olds Cutlass with its shorter rear deck and open rear side windows; Cale Yarborough and Donnie Allison were pointed in their concerns about the instability of the Olds (said Donnie, "I can't drive the Olds, it moves around too much"); Richard Petty was similarly critical of the Dodge Magnum ("The Magnum is undriveable at 190 MPH") he now was fielding. Cale won the pole for the 500 while Ron Hutcherson timed second. In the 125s the lead changed a combined 25 times. Bobby Allison and Buddy Baker crashed out of the first 125 while A. J. Foyt drove a superspeedway Buick to win it. Darrell Waltrip drove a Monte Carlo, edging Richard Petty's Magnum in the second; Waltrip said after the win, "Richard Petty has the fastest car here."
  • Daytona 500 - Richard Petty led 26 laps in his 125, and his Magnum was pronounced the fastest car in Daytona by Waltrip after the Twins. Petty raced to the lead with Waltrip and David Pearson drafting him. By Lap 61 they had put all but Bobby Allison and Buddy Baker a lap down, but in Turn Four Petty blew a tire and all three hit the wall, then slid into the inside wall. Following the restart Benny Parsons spun out after blowing a tire while A. J. Foyt was drop-kicked by Lennie Pond and tumbled through the infield grass; he was cut from the car and hospitalized. Allison took the lead with ten to go and Buddy Baker blew his engine, leaving Allison uncontested for his first Cup win since 1975.
  • Richmond 400 - Lennie Pond took the lead after Cale Yarborough led 69 laps and by the final 100 laps seemed in control of the race, but a blown tire put Benny Parsons into the lead and Parsons won by nearly three seconds over Pond. The 142 laps led were the most Pond had led in a race to date, surpassing the 113 laps led at the 1976 American 500.
  • Carolina 500 - Pearson reached a NASCAR milestone with his 100th Grand National win, running down Benny Parsons on a frigid raceday.
  • Atlanta 500 - NASCAR mandated larger spoiler sizes to combat the instability of the new racecars beginning with the Atlanta 500. Bobby Allison led 261 laps and put the entire field a lap down en route to the win. Darrell Waltrip blew his engine after 146 laps then publicly called out his pit crew; "Every time I pitted, I fell further behind."
  • Southeastern 500 - After his crew repaired damage in an early crash, Darrell Waltrip drove to victory at Bristol and praised his crew for their work.
  • Rebel 500 - Benny Parsons grabbed his second win of the season, leading 83 laps after his team had to change engines before the race. "This one was a stick of dynamite," Parsons said of the new engine.
  • Winston 500 - Rain delayed the Winston 500 from May 7 to Mother's Day May 14 - and also pushed back the scheduled Music City 420 at Nashville as well. The Talladega race saw 44 official lead changes as Cale Yarborough battled Darrell Waltrip, Richard Petty, and others; Benny Parsons and Dick Brooks stormed to the lead on the opening lap and Parsons led it, but fell out with clutch failure 121 laps in. Petty battled for the lead but on a late caution (for Lennie Pond's spin) his transmission acted up, and he lost five laps getting it fixed (he finished 11th). Yarborough drafted past Buddy Baker on the final lap for only his second win of the year.
    Darrell Waltrip at the 1978 World 600.
  • World 600 - Darrell Waltrip, Donnie Allison, Bobby Allison, Cale Yarborough, David Pearson, and Benny Parsons dominated the 600 as the lead changed 43 times between them, the most competitive Charlotte race to that point. A last-lap crash knocked out Pearson and Parsons as Waltrip took the first of five 600s. Richard Petty finished a distant eighth and was more and more frustrated by the Dodge Magnum; it took several trips through the inspection line before he was cleared to race. Willy T. Ribbs, noted road racer, was slated to drive an ex-Bud Moore Torino purchased by Will Cronkite in the 600 but did not attend two scheduled test sessions then was arrested for driving the wrong way up a one-way street; Cronkite hired local racer Dale Earnhardt to drive the car.
  • Music City 420 - Yarborough stormed past pole-sitter Lennie Pond and led all 420 laps, putting the entire field two laps or more down. It was the last wire-to-wire win in a Cup race until 2000. Cale also took the point lead from Benny Parsons.
  • Gabriel 400 - Cale's domination of the season continued as he made up a lap on the race's only yellow (at Lap 108) and led the last 59 laps to an easy win. "Surely he must have a big engine," Pearson said after the race, while Glen Wood said, "He's made up some laps in mysterious fashion."
  • Firecracker 400 - Cale Yarborough spun out while drafting David Pearson (who himself lost a lap with a flat tire earlier in the race) with some 33 laps to go; he recovered and his last-lap attempt was foiled when Pearson boxed him behind Baxter Price and grabbed a three-length win, his record fifth in the Firecracker.
  • Nashville 420 - Yarborough's domination of the season continued as he led 411 laps and finished two laps ahead of Waltrip.
  • Coca-Cola 500 - Darrell Waltrip grabbed his second big-track win of the season, beating David Pearson by nearly a second. Richard Petty led briefly but fell out with engine failure following announcement that he would park the Dodge Magnum after the Talladega 500 in favor of a Chevrolet he'd purchased from Cecil Gordon.
  • Talladega 500 - Cale and Buddy Baker fought it out as the lead changed 67 times (a motorsports record until 1984) overall. Baker's engine failure left Yarborough seemingly alone but the final eleven laps became a showdown between Lennie Pond and Donnie Allison; on the final lap Bill Elliott's blown tire slowed Allison enough for Pond to storm to his only career Winston Cup win. Richard Petty fought for the lead but ran out of fuel past halfway and finished two laps down in seventh in his final race in a Dodge.
  • Champion Spark Plug 400 - Petty debuted a Chevrolet he'd purchased from Cecil Gordon and ran strong in the 400 before a blown tire sent him hard into the guardrail with ten laps to go. Darrell Waltrip pitted under the yellow; Dave Marcis ran dry and had to be pushed by D.K. Ulrich; Pearson got four tires under the yellow and when the green and white flags flew he blew past Waltrip; Cale Yarborough grabbed second while Marcis finished fourth.
  • Volunteer 500 - Cale led 327 laps en route to the win, but the story of the race was an ugly set-to between pole-sitter Lennie Pond and Darrell Waltrip; Waltrip had declared before the race that he would drive the Ranier Racing car Pond presently drove in 1979 and would buy out his contract (running through 1982) with DiGard; on Lap 104 Waltrip sideswiped Pond's Chevy, and three laps later a tire blew, sending Pond hard into Waltrip; Pond was later eliminated when he collided with Cecil Gordon and climbed the frontstretch wall ("It was just an accident," Pond said of the crash with Gordon, "Cecil didn't see me"). The race was scheduled to Saturday night by new track promoter Gary Baker.
  • Southern 500 - Cale led 203 laps en route to his fourth Southern 500 win, while finishing a distant fourth was Terry Labonte, hired to drive Billy Hagan's car after Skip Manning, citing lack of sponsorship, left the team.
  • Capital City 400 - Darrell Waltrip's controversial career took a major popularity hit after winning at Richmond Fairgrounds Raceway. He spun out winless Neil Bonnett, the race's defending champion, and was booed loudly by the crowd.
  • Delaware 500 - Bobby Allison grabbed his first win since March, but his postrace interview centered on a trip to the Mayo Clinic days before the race. J.D. McDuffie won his only career pole, doing so on McCreary tires, a first for the tire company.
  • Wilkes 400 - Unaided by yellows, Cale Yarborough erased a two-lap deficit and led the final 19 laps for his ninth win of the season.
  • National 500 - Richard Petty raced to the lead and battled Bobby Allison and company, looking for his first win of the season; Petty's Chevrolet led 102 laps but fell out when the ignition failed after 220 laps. Allison won by nearly a lap over Darrell Waltrip. David Pearson led 35 laps after winning his 11th straight Charlotte pole but fell out of contention late, finishing fifth. The lead changed 40 times among nine drivers.
  • American 500 - By winning this race, Cale Yarborough clinches his third straight championship with two races remaining in the season, even with second place in the title hunt Bobby Allison finishing a strong second in the race.
  • Dixie 500 - NASCAR suffered an embarrassing scoring breakdown as Donnie Allison made up a lap and stormed past Richard Petty and Dave Marcis with three laps to go. Allison was flagged the winner, but NASCAR announced scoring showed Petty beating Marcis by a wheel for the win. Scorer Earl Sappenfield, however, thought something still wasn't right; chief scorer Morris Metcalfe was told by one of his scorers - 16-year-old Brian France[1] - that Donnie had in fact run a lap that hadn't been properly scored, and was thus the winner. When the announcement was made that Allison indeed had won, Bill France Jr. said, "First we need to wipe the egg off our face." Finishing fourth - following a strong second to Bobby Allison in a 300-mile Late Model Sportsman race at Charlotte the previous month - was Dale Earnhardt in a second Rod Osterlund car. Job
  • Los Angeles Times 500 - Cale Yarborough had to pit on the pace lap to correct ignition problems; he joined the field as the leaders were on the backstretch of the opening lap. The lead officially changed 11 times in the opening 21 laps and twice a lap several times; ultimately the lead changed 30 official times. Bobby Allison led 134 laps while Richard Petty was his strongest challenger, leading 30 laps before his engine failed. Allison took the win with Yarborough second. Dave Marcis finished 27th; his team owner Rod Osterlund entered two cars as he'd done at Atlanta; to preserve the rookie of the year status for 1979 for Dale Earnhardt, West Coast ace Jimmy Insolo started the race in the second Osterlund car and Earnhardt drove in relief, finishing seventh. The hiring of Earnhardt upset Marcis, who was already upset with team manager Roland Wlodyka; Marcis disliked the rookie's attitude coming into the series and left Osterlund's team; Osterlund thus named Earnhardt full-time driver. This was the last race without Terry Labonte in the field until the 2000 Brickyard 400

Full Drivers’ Championship

(key) Bold – Pole position awarded by time. Italics – Pole position set by owner's points. * – Most laps led. ** – All laps led.

Pos. Driver RSD DAY RCH CAR ATL BRI DAR NWS MAR TAL DOV CLT NSV RSD MCH DAY NSV POC TAL MCH BRI DAR RCH DOV MAR NWS CLT CAR ATL ONT Pts
1 Cale Yarborough 1* 2 3 18 4 4 15* 26 16 1* 2 4 1** 5* 1 2 1* 26 4* 2* 1* 1* 4 2 1* 1 22 1* 8 2 4841
2 Bobby Allison 30 1 6 2 1* 21 14 6 6 38 8 3 21 3 24 27 7 3 6 5 22 5 2 1* 7 3 1* 2 6 1* 4367
3 Darrell Waltrip 23 28 4 21 35 1 2 1* 1* 22 6* 1* 26 16 28* 3 2 1* 34 3 3 2 1 5 2 2* 2 3 28 5 4362
4 Benny Parsons 2 3 1 3 13 2* 1 3 15 31 4 6 20 1 3 26 6 29 3 13 2 10 6 26 3 6 28 4 5 8 4350
5 Dave Marcis 5 6 7 11 2 3 4 5 4 8 15 32 4 4 4 6 4 4 14 4 6 35 9 8 8 8 3 8 3 27 4335
6 Richard Petty 16 33 22 4 26 25 5 2 3 11 7 8 3 2 6 4 23 30 7 14 5 3 20 27 6 4 27 6 2 34 3949
7 Lennie Pond DNQ 10 2* 5 5 5 3 4 18 21 3 33 2 7 25 5 26 1 8 26 26 12 7 5 7 6 7 39 6 3794
8 Dick Brooks 15 5 5 28 6 19 35 8 27 15 9 19 14 26 7 36 8 7 9 6 4 25 5 6 13 9 10 5 12 9 3769
9 Buddy Arrington 11 16 15 9 14 8 18 11 5 12 13 15 9 18 12 34 12 14 15 12 12 8 16 22 10 13 14 9 16 35 3626
10 Richard Childress 20 13 8 8 15 6 28 10 8 9 33 20 8 15 20 24 3 24 25 31 7 27 11 12 12 14 9 10 30 11 3566
11 J. D. McDuffie 28 30 27 25 16 28 11 7 26 40 34 22 12 24 13 12 5 10 17 7 8 20 8 33 22 11 11 12 14 26 3255
12 Neil Bonnett 4 27 9 6 33 26 32 24 2 39 5 35 5 10 36 23 28 36 8 9 20 34 3* 29 4 5 30 31 34 37 3129
13 Tighe Scott 18 11 10 34 34 9 34 25 25 13 11 31 7 11 11 10 22 8 10 19 23 23 27 25 29 10 12 21 22 DNQ 3110
14 Frank Warren 13 24 14 12 19 13 17 22 22 29 27 23 16 29 20 17 13 18 33 24 15 12 23 21 21 24 25 16 33 23 3036
15 Dick May 18 29 17 12 36 18 28 23 21 13 18 21 19 16 18 11 16 11 25 38 15 10 17 25 8 11 19 31 2936
16 Jimmy Means 35 12 10 32 23 12 14 10 26 17 37 30 15 13 24 13 32 15 19 11 13 32 23 23 13 23 22 2756
17 David Pearson 3 34 1* 21 29 21 35 1 5 27 2 1* 2 5 1 28 4 25 5 24 32 38 2756
18 Ronnie Thomas (R) DNQ 18 13 24 20 31 21 20 14 32 30 15 25 18 25 10 33 24 26 11 9 14 11 16 19 33 15 30 2733
19 Cecil Gordon 25 21 17 22 17 18 33 17 9 25 25 19 12 17 32 19 40 17 13 17 14 30 26 15 18 15 2641
20 Tommy Gale 25 23 14 22 22 21 27 17 16 18 24 21 15 16 20 16 21 13 24 17 27 17 31 18 31 17 2639
21 Roger Hamby (R) DNQ 15 25 27 37 17 13 23 14 19 31 23 27 17 27 36 30 10 19 10 18 24 12 18 26 11 12 2617
22 D. K. Ulrich 10 17 16 26 11 11 20 13 13 17 16 29 10 14 14 19 20 25 19 23 9 29 DNQ 2452
23 Baxter Price (R) DNQ 20 23 16 16 19 11 20 22 25 17 26 20 27 28 23 21 16 15 22 23 19 21 29 19 DNQ 2418
24 Buddy Baker 7* 33 27 6 2 23 7 8 37 5 28 36 32 3 26 34 22 21* 4 2130
25 Donnie Allison 39 31 3 23 24 2 5 33 35 2 29 24 9 4 20 1 3 1993
26 James Hylton 11 15 7 12 7 10 11 39 41 35 17 7 18 34 11 16 15 14 16 1965
27 Gary Myers Wth 20 30 26 18 28 23 15 19 21 20 14 14 21 20 15 22 17 27 24 1915
28 Ed Negre DNQ DNQ 21 29 25 10 15 19 28 35 27 35 18 29 21 30 15 18 20 21 35 26 21 1857
29 Skip Manning 21 12 13 7 23 15 8 9 23 4 12 26 16 39 38 38 25 1802
30 Grant Adcox 14 30 7 25 5 11 6 22 22 11 22 31 33 38 1467
31 Ricky Rudd 37 10 27 28 9 21 6 39 28 36 23 25 9 DNQ 1260
32 Bruce Hill DNQ 9 36 19 10 25 29 40 14 17 35 34 40 13 36 DNQ 1214
33 Bill Elliott 8 38 9 6 14 9 13 6 17 37 1176
34 Al Holbert (R) 8 29 31 7 10 38 31 30 12 30 QL 13 35 1142
35 Ferrel Harris 9 7 8 9 20 11 10 18 28 36 20 34 20 19 1066
36 Coo Coo Marlin 26 39 41 22 38 26 30 7 10 765
37 Blackie Wangerin (R) 36 29 19 30 32 31 15 40 25 33 760
38 Bobby Wawak DNQ 29 12 28 DNQ 13 34 28 37 27 DNQ 680
39 Terry Labonte 4 7 9 24 13 659
40 Ralph Jones Wth 20 24 21 27 18 30 29 634
41 Janet Guthrie DNQ 10 11 31 29 27 35 13 592
42 Earle Canavan DNQ 24 24 22 20 33 31 32 39 16 DNQ 559
43 Dale Earnhardt 17 7 12 16 4 558
44 Roland Wlodyka DNQ 19 26 32 18 27 21 549
45 Joe Frasson DNQ 16 24 14 17 23 533
46 Nelson Oswald DNQ 30 38 DNQ 24 25 24 18 501
47 Joe Mihalic 31 19 24 26 30 DNQ 32 419
48 Jim Thirkettle 17 9 10 389
49 Jimmy Insolo 7 32 7 369
50 Satch Worley 14 DNQ 18 9 14 368
51 John Kennedy DNQ Wth 29 29 DNQ 30 27 40 350
52 Bill Schmitt 32 8 14 350
53 Harry Gant 41 36 28 19 7 325
54 Connie Saylor 8 34 16 318
55 Richard White 24 19 18 308
56 Chuck Bown 30 30 24 33 301
57 Nestor Peles DNQ 24 21 19 297
58 Rick McCray 12 13 39 297
59 John Utsman DNQ 40 32 16 32 292
60 Joey Arrington 22 19 31 273
61 Joe Booher 18 34 22 273
62 John Borneman 27 23 25 264
63 Rocky Moran 26 30 20 261
64 Jimmy Lee Capps 23 19 35 258
65 Dave Dion 40 38 26 28 256
66 Ray Elder 34 6 40 254
67 Elmo Langley 37 16 29 243
68 Woody Fisher DNQ 28 36 20 237
69 Sterling Marlin 9 25 226
70 Ron Hutcherson 4 34 39 221
71 Jerry Jolly 20 40 36 201
72 Junior Miller 15 28 197
73 Bill Hollar Wth 28 36 36 189
74 Norm Palmer 14 35 DNQ 179
75 Ernie Stierly 19 31 DNQ 176
76 Morgan Shepherd 40 12 170
77 Harry Goularte DNQ 20 33 167
78 Mel Larson 33 29 140
79 Roy Smith 9 DNQ 138
80 Chuck Wahl DNQ 28 36 134
81 Jim Vandiver 38 27 131
82 Sam Sommers DNQ 12 27 127
83 Wayne Morgan DNQ 39 29 122
84 Hershel McGriff 6 17 112
85 Marty Robbins 18 109
86 Glenn Jarrett 20 103
87 Bob Burcham 22 97
88 Don Graham 22 DNQ 97
89 Jack Simpson 22 DNQ 97
90 Butch Mock 26 24 85
91 Steve Moore 27 82
92 Don Noel 33 28 79
93 Billy McGinnis 28 79
94 Vince Giaformaggio 29 QL 76
95 Richard Waters 29 76
96 Raymond Williams 29 76
97 Bill Green 30 73
98 Johnny Halford 30 73
99 Don Puskarich 31 DNQ 70
100 Steve Pfeifer DNQ DNQ 32 67
101 Eddie Bradshaw 33 64
102 Bill Baker DNQ 34 61
103 Louis Gatto DNQ 35 58
104 Gary Johnson 35 DNQ 58
105 Butch Hartman Wth 36 55
106 Bill Dennis 37 52
107 Jocko Maggiacomo DNQ Wth 37 52
108 Jabe Thomas 37 52
109 Dick Trickle 39 46
110 Bobby Fisher 29 40 43
111 Claude Ballot-Léna 22 18 35 37
112 A. J. Foyt 32 3
113 Lynn Carroll 14
114 Dave Watson 17 DNQ
115 Kenny Brightbill 23
116 Paul Fess 28
117 Greg Heller 29
118 Charlie Blanton 32
119 Frank Hill 37
120 Pappy Pryor DNQ
121 John Soares DNQ
122 Evan Noyes Jr. DNQ
123 Glenn Francis DNQ
124 Bob Switzer DNQ
125 Mike Kempton DNQ
126 Bob Brown DNQ
127 Mike Brockman DNQ DNQ
128 John Dineen DNQ Wth DNQ
129 Dick Whalen DNQ DNQ DNQ
130 Ron McGee DNQ DNQ
131 Dick Kranzler DNQ DNQ
132 Bennie Vaught DNQ DNQ
133 Steve Stolarek DNQ
134 Tommy Robbs DNQ
135 Tom Frank DNQ
136 Claude Aubin DNQ
137 Earl Ross DNQ
138 Terry Link DNQ
139 Robin Schildknecht DNQ
140 Keith Nebern DNQ
141 Hal Callentine DNQ
142 Mike Roche DNQ
143 Ross Kusah DNQ
144 John Krebs DNQ
145 Billy Hagan DNQ
146 Chris Monoleos DNQ
147 Johnny Kieper DNQ
148 Fred Lovell Wth
149 A. J. Reno Wth
150 Larry LaMay Wth
151 Paul Dean Holt Wth
152 Travis Tiller Wth
153 Jim Bray Wth
154 Keith Davis Wth
155 Hoss Ellington QL
156 Walter Ballard QL 30
Pos. Driver RSD DAY RCH CAR ATL BRI DAR NWS MAR TAL DOV CLT NSV RSD MCH DAY NSV POC TAL MCH BRI DAR RCH DOV MAR NWS CLT CAR ATL ONT Pts

[2]

References

  1. ↑ 2012 Richmond 400 Story With NASCAR Scoring Controversies from Mike Mulhern
  2. ↑ "1978 NASCAR Winston Cup Series Central - The Third Turn". www.thethirdturn.com. Retrieved 2021-04-29.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.