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All 24 seats in the Philippine Senate 13 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||
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Philippines portal |
Election to the Senate were held on November 11, 1941 in the Philippines. The Senate was re-instituted after amendments to the constitution restored the bicameral legislature last used in 1935.
The elected senators would start to serve only in 1945 as they were not able to take office on December 30, 1941 as Imperial Japan invaded the country on December 8, 1941 at the onset of World War II.
Electoral system
The electorate voted with plurality-at-large voting for the first time for the Senate; the voters have the option of writing the party name on the ballot and all 24 candidates from the party receive votes; another option is by voting individually for each candidate. Also, the former senatorial districts were not used; instead voting was done nationwide as one at-large district. The succeeding Senate elections would be held every two years, with eight seats to be disputed in every election.[1][2]
The next election was to be on 1943, but due to the intervention of World War II, no elections were until 1946, where the seats supposedly up in 1943 and 1945 were disputed. The winners of the 1941 election were not seated until 1945. In the intervening years, the Second Philippine Republic, a Japanese puppet state, put up a unicameral National Assembly.
Candidates
These were the following tickets:
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Results
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Before election | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ | ‡^ |
| Election result | NP | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| After election | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Per candidate
While the tally of votes have been lost in history, some sources tell where each candidate finished in the tally. Claro M. Recto finished first,[3] while Mariano Jesus Cuenco finished fifth, and Vicente Rama finished 16th.[4]
Not all candidates of the same party finished with the same number of votes, as some voted individually per candidate, instead of just writing the party name, and some didn't complete the 24 names if they did choose to vote individually per candidate.
| Rank | Candidate | Party | Votes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Claro M. Rectoa | Nacionalista | 1,084,003 | |
| 2. | Manuel Roxas | Nacionalista | 1,076,389 | |
| 3. | Quintin Paredesa | Nacionalista | 1,046,715 | |
| 4. | Jose Yuloa | Nacionalista | 1,035,025 | |
| 5. | Elpidio Quirino | Nacionalista | 1,013,095 | |
| 6. | Antonio de las Alasa | Nacionalista | 1,002,853 | |
| 7. | Emiliano Tria Tironaa | Nacionalista | 983,740 | |
| 8. | Eulogio Rodrigueza | Nacionalista | 982,144 | |
| 9. | Vicente Madrigala | Nacionalista | 977,119 | |
| 10. | Mariano Jesus Cuenco | Nacionalista | 974,683 | |
| 11. | Melecio Arranz | Nacionalista | 973,403 | |
| 12. | Carlos P. Garcia | Nacionalista | 972,034 | |
| 13. | Ramon Torres | Nacionalista | 962,836 | |
| 14. | Domingo Imperial | Nacionalista | 959,633 | |
| 15. | Daniel Marambab | Nacionalista | 959,390 | |
| 16. | Pedro Hernaez | Nacionalista | 949,238 | |
| 17. | Ramon J. Fernandez | Nacionalista | 947,798 | |
| 18. | Jose Ozamizb | Nacionalista | 947,106 | |
| 19. | Nicolas Buendia | Nacionalista | 944,315 | |
| 20. | Esteban de la Rama | Nacionalista | 937,746 | |
| 21. | Vicente Rama | Nacionalista | 934,254 | |
| 22. | Proceso Sebastiana | Nacionalista | 930,179 | |
| 23. | Alauya Alonto1 | Nacionalista | 919,348 | |
| 24. | Rafael Martinez2 | Nacionalista | 871,971 | |
| 25. | Vicente Sotto | Popular Front (Sumulong Wing) | 229,276 | |
| 26. | Filemon Sotto | Popular Front (Sumulong Wing) | 191,815 | |
| 27. | Jose Alejandrino | Popular Front (Sumulong Wing) | 128,077 | |
| 28. | Jose Padilla Sr. | Popular Front (Sumulong Wing) | ||
| 29. | Emilio Medina | Popular Front (Sumulong Wing) | ||
| 30. | Eliseo Imzon | Popular Front (Sumulong Wing) | ||
| 31. | Geronimo Santiago | Popular Front (Sumulong Wing) | ||
| 32. | Manuel Briones | Independent | ||
| 33. | Santiago Fonacier | Partido Modernista | ||
| 34. | Isabelo delos Reyes Jr. | Popular Front (Abad Santos Wing) | ||
| 35. | Sixto Lopez | Popular Front (Sumulong Wing) | ||
| 36. | Juan Villamor | Popular Front (Sumulong Wing) | ||
| 37. | Jose Palarca Sr | Popular Front (Sumulong Wing) | ||
| 38. | Raymundo Melliza | Popular Front (Sumulong Wing) | ||
| 39. | Arsenio Suazo | Popular Front (Sumulong Wing) | ||
| 40. | Francisco Afan Delgado | Partido Modernista | ||
| 41. | Angel Marin | Popular Front (Sumulong Wing) | ||
| 42. | Crisanto Evangelista | Popular Front (Abad Santos Wing) | ||
| 43. | Jose M. Bayot | Popular Front (Sumulong Wing) | ||
| 44. | Felicidad Climaco | Popular Front (Sumulong Wing) | ||
| 45. | Julio A. Llorente | Popular Front (Sumulong Wing) | ||
| 46. | Jose Gamboa | Popular Front (Sumulong Wing) | ||
| 47. | Pedro Coleto | Popular Front (Sumulong Wing) | ||
| 48. | Marcelino Lontok | Popular Front (Sumulong Wing) | ||
| 49. | Mamerto Manalo | Popular Front (Sumulong Wing) | ||
| 50. | Fernando Gardoqui | Popular Front (Sumulong Wing) | ||
| 51. | Norberto Nabong | Popular Front (Abad Santos Wing) | ||
| 52. | Juan Feleo | Popular Front (Abad Santos Wing) | ||
| 53. | Jose M. Nava | Popular Front (Abad Santos Wing) | ||
| 54. | Angel Ancajas | Popular Front (Abad Santos Wing) | ||
| 55. | Lino Dizon | Popular Front (Abad Santos Wing) | ||
| 56. | Jose Casal | Popular Front (Sumulong Wing) | ||
| 57. | Pablo Rocha | Popular Front (Sumulong Wing) | ||
| 58. | Antonio Paguia | Popular Front (Abad Santos Wing) | ||
| 59. | Melchor Lagasca | Popular Front (Sumulong Wing) | ||
| 60. | Mateo del Castillo | Popular Front (Abad Santos Wing) | ||
| 61. | Severino Izon | Popular Front (Abad Santos Wing) | ||
| 62. | Antonio Salvador | Popular Front (Abad Santos Wing) | ||
| 63. | Hadji Usman | Popular Front (Abad Santos Wing) | ||
| 64. | Pedro C. Castro | Popular Front (Abad Santos Wing) | ||
| 65. | Francisco Dematera | Popular Front (Abad Santos Wing) | ||
| 66. | Isabello Caballero | Popular Front (Abad Santos Wing) | ||
| 67. | Perfecto Reyes | Ganap Party | ||
| 68. | Mariano P. Balgos | Popular Front (Abad Santos Wing) | ||
| 69. | Alfredo Dumlao | Ganap Party | ||
| 70. | Manuel Joven | Popular Front (Abad Santos Wing) | ||
| 71. | Severo Dava | Popular Front (Abad Santos Wing) | ||
| 72. | Ciriaco V. Campomanes | Ganap Party | ||
| 73. | Vicente Pamatinat | Ganap Party | ||
| 74. | Ricardo Valdivia | Ganap Party | ||
| 75. | Narcisa Paguibitan | Popular Front (Abad Santos) | ||
| 76. | Francisco Ramos | Popular Front (Sumulong Wing) | ||
| 77. | Datu Tampugao Pagayao | Popular Front (Abad Santos Wing) | ||
| 78. | Samson Palomares | Ganap Party | ||
| 79. | Esteban Coruna | Ganap Party | ||
| 80. | Fernando Mangson | Ganap Party | ||
| 81. | Eulalio Tolentino | Ganap Party | ||
| 82. | Prudencio Vega | Ganap Party | ||
| 83. | Antipas Soriano | Ganap Party | ||
| 84. | Francisco Robles | Ganap Party | ||
| 85. | Jose Jabeon | Ganap Party | ||
| 86. | Joaquin Flavier | Ganap Party | ||
| 87. | Pedro Zaragosa | Ganap Party | ||
| 88. | Antonio Ramos | Ganap Party | ||
| 89. | Aurelio Tankeko | Ganap Party | ||
| 90. | Sixto Bedrus | Ganap Party | ||
| 91. | Gaudencio Bautista | Ganap Party | ||
| 92. | Mariano Lumbre | Ganap Party | ||
| 93. | Flora Ylagan | Partido Modernista | ||
| 94. | Wenceslao Asistido | Ganap Party | ||
| 95. | Marcelino Chavez | Ganap Party | ||
| 96. | Florentino Subayno | Ganap Party | ||
| 97. | Josefina Martinez | Partido Modernista | ||
| 98. | Pedro Arteche | Partido Modernista | ||
| 99. | Manuel Luz | Partido Modernista | ||
| 100. | Vicente del Rosario | Partido Modernista | ||
| 101. | Mariano delos Santos | Partido Modernista | ||
| 102. | Honorio Caringal (withdrew) | Partido Modernista | ||
| 103. | Ignacio Nabong (withdrew) | Popular Front (Abad Santos Wing) | ||
- ^a The following were detained because of collaboration charges with the Japanese: Antonio de las Alas, Vicente Madrigal, Quintin Paredes, Claro M. Recto, Eulogio Rodriguez, Proceso E. Sebastian, Emiliano Tria Tirona and José Yulo.
- ^b Daniel Maramba died and Jose Ozamis was executed during the war.
- ^c The senators elected in 1941 served only from July 5, 1945 to April 23, 1946 except for Alauya Alonto, Esteban de la Rama, Pedro C. Hernaez, Vicente Madrigal, Vicente Rama, Eulogio A. Rodriguez, Sr., Proceso E. Sebastian, and Emiliano Tria Tirona, who served until May 22, 1947.
- ^1 Alauya Alonto used his Muslim Name "Sa Ramain" during the elections
- ^2 Replaced Norberto Romuáldez who died on the eve of the elections.
- Note: The tally of votes is incomplete, as the official tally of votes were destroyed during World War II.
Per party
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|---|---|---|
| Party | Seats | |
| Nacionalista Party | 24 | |
| Popular Front | 0 | |
| Total | 24 | |
| Source: Julio Teehankee. "Electoral Politics in the Philippines" (PDF). quezon.ph. | ||
See also
References
- ↑ Philippine Electoral Almanac. The Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. 2013. p. 17. Archived from the original on 2014-04-09.
- ↑ Liang, Dapen. Philippine Parties & Politics: A Historical Study of National Experience in Democracy.
- ↑ Dooc, Emmanuel (2020-02-28). "Claro Mayo Recto: Champion of Filipino nationalism | Emmanuel Dooc". BusinessMirror. Retrieved 2021-07-20.
- ↑ Oaminal, Clarence Paul. "Don Vicente Rama, the Cebuano who won in the 1941 Senatorial Election". Philstar.com. Retrieved 2021-07-20.
External links
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