1936 Summer Olympics medals
LocationBerlin,  Germany
Highlights
Most gold medals Germany (38)
Most total medals Germany (101)
A tarnished gold medal featuring a person in a toga, and the words "XI Olympiade Berlin 1936".
A gold medal from the 1936 Olympics

The 1936 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XI Olympiad, was an international multi-sport event held in Berlin, Germany, from 1 August to 16 August.

Berlin had previously been chosen to host the 1916 Summer Olympics, which were subsequently cancelled due to the First World War.[1] The 1936 Games had 3,963 athletes from 49 National Olympic Committees (NOCs) participating in a total of 129 events in 19 sports. This was the highest number of nations represented at any Games to date.[2] Athletes from 32 NOCs won medals, of which 21 secured at least one gold medal. As a result, 17 NOCs were left without any medal. The host NOC, Germany, received a total of 101 medals (38 of them gold), the most of any nation and a record for a united German team, although East Germany broke that record in 1976, 1980 and 1988.[3]

A boycott by the United States was suggested due to Germany's National Socialist regime, but it was not implemented.[1] The other NOCs which threatened to boycott the Games for the same reason were the United Kingdom, France, Sweden, Czechoslovakia and the Netherlands.[2] An alternative People's Olympiad was planned to take place in Barcelona, Spain, but was cancelled at the last moment following the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War after the athletes had already begun to arrive.[2] The civil war also meant that Spain's NOC did not compete at the 1936 Games.[1] While no NOCs ended up boycotting the Games on anti-Nazi grounds, a multinational Jewish-led boycott of the Games took place, with individual athletes refusing to take part.[4] Also, the IAAFs' refusal to allow athletes from Northern Ireland to compete for the Irish Olympic Council in athletics events led the Irish Free State to boycott.[5][6]

Marjorie Gestring became the youngest Olympic champion ever at the age of 13,[nb 1] winning a gold medal in the women's 3 meter springboard.[1] As Korea was under Japanese rule, Korean athletes who hoped to compete in the Games were required to qualify for the Japanese team. Sohn Kee-chung, competing as Kitei Son, won gold in the marathon, which made him Japan's first gold medalist at these Games and the first Korean ever to win a medal.[9] His fellow countryman Nam Sung-yong won the bronze medal in the same event.[10][1]

Medal table

A black and white photograph of a female athlete with short cut hair. She wears a white sleeveless top with two horizontal stripes and a crest in the middle of her chest, and dark shorts.
Ibolya Csák, gold medallist for Hungary in the women's high jump
A black and white photograph of a female athlete in an all-white outfit with the Nazi eagle and swastika in the middle of her chest. She holds a small plant and wears an laurel wreath on her head.
Tilly Fleischer, gold medallist for Germany in the women's javelin

The ranking in this table is based on information provided by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and is consistent with IOC convention in its published medal tables. By default, the table is ordered by the number of gold medals the athletes from a National Olympic Committee have won (a nation is represented at a Games by the associated National Olympic Committee). The number of silver medals is taken into consideration next and then the number of bronze medals. If NOCs are still tied, equal ranking is given and they are listed alphabetically by IOC country code.

A dead heat in the lightweight section of the weightlifting competition resulted in gold medals being awarded to both Austria's Robert Fein and Egypt's Anwar Mesbah, and resulted in a silver medal not being awarded for that event. A dead heat for third place in the floor competition of the gymnastic events resulted in bronze medals going to both Germany's Konrad Frey and Eugen Mack of Switzerland. This resulted in 130 gold and bronze medals being awarded, but only 128 silver medals.[11]

  *   Host nation (Germany)

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 Germany*383132101
2 United States24201256
3 Hungary101516
4 Italy913527
5 Finland85619
6 France76619
7 Sweden651021
8 Japan641020
9 Netherlands64717
10 Austria57517
11 Great Britain47314
12 Czechoslovakia3519
13 Argentina2237
 Estonia2237
15 Egypt2125
16 Switzerland19515
17 Canada1359
18 Norway1326
19 Turkey1012
20 India1001
 New Zealand1001
22 Poland0336
23 Denmark0235
24 Latvia0112
25 Romania0101
 South Africa0101
 Yugoslavia0101
28 Belgium0033
 Mexico0033
30 Australia0011
 Philippines0011
 Portugal0011
Totals (32 entries)138137139414

Notes

  1. ↑ In the 1900 men's coxed pair rowing, an unidentified boy aged 12 or less coxed the winning pair in the final; however, only semifinal cox Hermanus Brockmann is listed by the IOC.[7] Winners received silver medals at the 1900 games.[8]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 "Olympic history: Berlin 1936". Eurosport. March 12, 2012. Archived from the original on March 16, 2012. Retrieved March 15, 2012.
  2. 1 2 3 "The Movement to Boycott the Berlin Olympics of 1936". United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Retrieved March 17, 2012.
  3. ↑ "Olympic Medal Table". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on July 27, 2011. Retrieved March 28, 2012.
  4. ↑ Pope, John (March 1, 2010). "Fred Feran, who boycotted 1936 Olympics in Berlin, dies at age 92". New Orleans Metro. Retrieved March 17, 2012.
  5. ↑ O'Sullivan, Patrick T. (Spring 1998). "Ireland & the Olympic Games". History Ireland. Dublin. 6 (1). Archived from the original on December 16, 2012. Retrieved August 1, 2016.
  6. ↑ Krüger, Arnd; William J. Murray (2003). The Nazi Olympics: sport, politics and appeasement in the 1930s. University of Illinois Press. p. 230. ISBN 0-252-02815-5.
  7. ↑ "Hermanus Gerardus BROCKMANN — Olympic Rowing". International Olympic Committee. Retrieved August 2, 2016.
  8. ↑ Mallon, Bill (1998). The 1900 Olympic Games, Results for All Competitors in All Events, with Commentary. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers. ISBN 0-7864-0378-0.
  9. ↑ "Kitei Son". Olympic.org. Retrieved March 17, 2012.
  10. ↑ Lewis, Mike (November 30, 2002). "Obituary: Sohn Kee-chung". The Guardian. Retrieved March 17, 2012.
  11. ↑ "The Official Report of the Organising Committee for the XI Olympiad" (PDF). The Organising Committee for the XI Olympiad. 1936. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 6, 2008. Retrieved March 17, 2012.

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